{"id":96879,"date":"2013-07-01T10:15:52","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:15:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=96879"},"modified":"2013-07-01T10:15:52","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:15:52","slug":"stati-cuminti-si-o-sa-treaca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=96879","title":{"rendered":"Sta\u0163i cumin\u0163i \u015fi-o s\u0103 treac\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\nIntreb\u0103rile guvernatorului \u00eendemnau u\u015furel la o deconstruc\u0163ie a ideii de criz\u0103, \u015fi pentru Rom\u00e2nia, \u015fi pentru lumea capitalist\u0103. Pentru aceasta din urm\u0103, sf\u00e2r\u015fitul ciclului postbelic, cu renun\u0163area la sistemul Bretton Woods \u00een 1971, a fost confundat cu o criz\u0103 a dolarului, c\u00e2nd de fapt epoca de glorie a dolarului abia \u00eencepea &#8211; ceea ce ar \u00eensemna c\u0103 \u015fi criza actual\u0103 ar putea s\u0103 fie de fapt tot un fel de iluzie optic\u0103. Pentru noi a fost criz\u0103 \u00eenainte de 1989, ca penurie economic\u0103 \u015fi ca destructurare de sistem politic, iar tranzi\u0163ia \u00eenceput\u0103 \u00een 1990 a fost perceput\u0103 ca un drum \u00eenfundat, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t a generat oboseal\u0103 \u015fi descurajare, de\u015fi n-a fost \u015fi nu e dec\u00e2t o \u201ecriz\u0103 de cre\u015ftere\u201e, cum spune Is\u0103rescu.<\/p>\n<p>\nDesigur c\u0103 \u00eentre o iluzie optic\u0103 a pesimi\u015ftilor care nu pot s\u0103ri dincolo de momentul prezent \u015fi un drum cu adev\u0103rat \u00eenfundat e o diferen\u0163\u0103 prea mare ca s\u0103 poat\u0103 duce la vreo defini\u0163ie a crizei sau la o viziune pe termen lung pentru o \u0163ar\u0103 sau un continent. A\u015fa \u00eenc\u00e2t ar fi instructiv s\u0103 invent\u0103m un indicator de criz\u0103 mai durabil dec\u00e2t atacurile de panic\u0103 numite \u00eendeob\u015fte \u201epercep\u0163ia pie\u0163elor\u201e \u015fi mai relevant dec\u00e2t statisticile macro: s\u0103-i zicem raportul dintre inten\u0163ia de a cump\u0103ra timp \u015fi inten\u0163ia de a c\u00e2\u015ftiga timp.<\/p>\n<p>\nExemplul cel mai clar e \u00een istoria noastr\u0103, fiindc\u0103 e \u015fi cel mai brutal: \u00eenainte de 1989 voiam s\u0103 cump\u0103r\u0103m timp, s\u0103-l omor\u00e2m cumva p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd vor veni americanii, revolu\u0163iile de catifea ale vecinilor, o minune, c\u0103derea lui Ceau\u015fescu, c\u0103derea Cortinei de Fier. Timpul trece, leafa merge; rom\u00e2nii &#8211; popor vegetal, care tr\u0103iesc pe sub istorie, ferindu-se \u00een grup de ea sau sustr\u0103g\u00e2ndu-i-se prin fuga din \u0163ar\u0103 etc. Din 1990 ne-a cuprins dorin\u0163a de construc\u0163ie, de reintrare \u00een istorie, de recuperare a decalajului fa\u0163\u0103 de Vest, de a c\u00e2\u015ftiga timp. Dorin\u0163a era vie \u015fi \u00een 2003 cu NATO, \u015fi \u00een 2007 cu UE, \u015fi mai apoi cu aderarea la zona euro; e vie \u015fi acum, chiar dac\u0103 pentru tot mai mul\u0163i tinde s\u0103 fie \u00eenlocuit\u0103 de graba de a c\u00e2\u015ftiga timp pe cont propriu emigr\u00e2nd.<\/p>\n<p>\nDincolo de grani\u0163e, raportul \u00eentre Est \u015fi Vest e v\u0103zut tot \u00een termeni de timp &#8211; \u201eintegrarea cu dou\u0103 viteze\u201e, pentru cei ce se mi\u015fc\u0103 mai repede (Polonia, Cehia) \u015fi cei care se mi\u015fc\u0103 mai \u00eencet. Dar, \u00eentr-adev\u0103r, at\u00e2ta vreme c\u00e2t inten\u0163ia de a c\u00e2\u015ftiga timp \u00eenc\u0103 predomin\u0103, avem doar o criz\u0103 de cre\u015ftere.<\/p>\n<p>\nLehman Brothers, Grecia \u015fi recesiunea din Europa au adus \u00eens\u0103 \u00een Vest tendin\u0163a invers\u0103: inten\u0163ia de a c\u00e2\u015ftiga timp (ce altceva \u00eenseamn\u0103 procurarea de marf\u0103 pe credit, tranzac\u0163iile bursiere high frequency, unificarea brusc\u0103 a Europei prin moned\u0103, ideea c\u0103 bursele \u015fi economia pot cre\u015fte la infinit sau c\u0103 am ajuns la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul istoriei?) a fost \u00eenlocuit\u0103 cu atitudinea de fereal\u0103 general\u0103, cu inten\u0163ia de a cump\u0103ra timp \u201ep\u00e2n\u0103 trece criza\u201e.<\/p>\n<p>\nRezerva Federal\u0103 a SUA, Banca Angliei, BCE au \u00eenceput s\u0103 cumpere literalmente timp, pun\u00e2nd la lucru tiparni\u0163a de bani cu g\u00e2ndul c\u0103 o vor opri c\u00e2nd economia \u00ee\u015fi revine, statele au cump\u0103rat timp na\u0163ionaliz\u00e2nd b\u0103ncile \u201ep\u00e2n\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi revin\u201e, zona euro a cump\u0103rat timp cu pachetele de salvare pentru Grecia sau Irlanda \u201ep\u00e2n\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi revin\u201e, politicienii fac proiecte pe h\u00e2rtie p\u00e2n\u0103 trec alegerile, cu ideea c\u0103 dac\u0103 oamenii stau cumin\u0163i, dac\u0103 tinerii \u015fomeri c\u0103rora le trece tinere\u0163ea ignor\u0103 realitatea \u015fi eventual mai fac o \u015fcoal\u0103 ca s\u0103 mai omoare timpul sau emigreaz\u0103 ca s\u0103 c\u00e2\u015ftige timp pe cont propriu, lucrurile or s\u0103 se rezolve \u00een cele din urm\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nMul\u0163i guru ai pie\u0163elor financiare (singurele care acum c\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103 timp, sub form\u0103 de bani \u015fi active ieftine) explic\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rzierea \u201etrecerii crizei\u201e prin faptul c\u0103 firmele se feresc s\u0103 angajeze, s\u0103 investeasc\u0103, b\u0103ncile se feresc s\u0103 dea credite, iar statele \u015fi consumatorii trebuie s\u0103 am\u00e2ne cheltuielile p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd \u00ee\u015fi redreseaz\u0103 bugetele. Numai c\u0103 toat\u0103 lumea a r\u0103mas captiv\u0103 \u00een inten\u0163ia de a cump\u0103ra timp: prognozele curente spun c\u0103 orice \u00eencercare a b\u0103ncilor centrale de a opri tiparni\u0163a vital\u0103 ar arunca pie\u0163ele \u00een sevraj violent, banii ar fugi din toate zonele unde riscul de investi\u0163ii nu e zero (cum e Rom\u00e2nia, eufemistic zis), iar orice inten\u0163ie a \u0163\u0103rilor bogate de a opri cump\u0103rarea de timp pentru cele s\u0103race ar pr\u0103bu\u015fi construc\u0163ia european\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nEvident, nu-i trece nim\u0103nui prin cap s\u0103 echivaleze aceast\u0103 fereal\u0103 sofisticat\u0103 de istorie cu fereala noastr\u0103 elementar\u0103 dinainte de 1989; doar c\u00e2nd \u015fi c\u00e2nd mai apar acuza\u0163ii filozofice (liderii actuali ai lumii nu \u015ftiu s\u0103 mai fac\u0103 istorie) ori cheful de solu\u0163ii magice (un r\u0103zboi, o catastrof\u0103, o revolt\u0103 global\u0103). Dar solu\u0163ia, pe moment, e aceea\u015fi ca a noastr\u0103: s\u0103 a\u015ftept\u0103m \u015fi s\u0103 supravie\u0163uim, c\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la urm\u0103 tot o s\u0103 treac\u0103. O viziune pe termen lung? Dar ea exist\u0103 deja \u00een natur\u0103 \u015fi o \u015ftim de la Keynes: pe termen lung (post-criz\u0103 adic\u0103) to\u0163i o s\u0103 fim mor\u0163i.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guvernatorul Mugur Is\u0103rescu se \u00eentreba zilele trecute dac\u0103 am intrat deja sau nu \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 post-criz\u0103, pe ce se bazeaz\u0103 estim\u0103rile c\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2022 va fi tot criz\u0103 \u015fi \u00een fond cum se define\u015fte criza, \u015ftiind c\u0103 de eventualele r\u0103spunsuri ar depinde posibilitatea unei viziuni pe termen lung pentru Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[529],"tags":[182,7585,8789,12737,293,32617,7464,19981,11128,80,98,33400,19707,32958],"class_list":["post-96879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opinii","tag-criza","tag-estimari","tag-fond","tag-guvernator","tag-intrare","tag-intrebare","tag-mugur-isarescu","tag-perioada","tag-post","tag-refuz","tag-romania","tag-termen-lung","tag-timp","tag-trecere"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=96879"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96879\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=96879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=96879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=96879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}