“Exist\u0103 un mod de a \u015fti dac\u0103 un om este cinstit – \u00eentreab\u0103-l. Dac\u0103 va spune ‘da’, e un escroc.” Aceast\u0103 cugetare, vai c\u00e2t de adev\u0103rat\u0103, \u00eei apar\u0163ine lui Marx. Nu, nu acel Marx, ci Groucho Marx, vestitul comic \u015fi om de spirit. Ea vrea, prin intermediul paradoxului hazos, s\u0103 spun\u0103 c\u0103 cinstea e un lucru rar (fi\u0163i cinsti\u0163i \u015fi r\u0103spunde\u0163i-v\u0103 \u00een g\u00e2nd la \u00eentrebarea pomenit\u0103), \u015fi c\u0103 to\u0163i punga\u015fii, \u015farlatanii, impostorii au o nes\u0103\u0163ioas\u0103 poft\u0103 de onorabilitate. Min\u0163im, distorsion\u0103m realitatea, viol\u0103m principiile elementare ale eticii, \u00eentre altele \u015fi pentru c\u0103 avem o grij\u0103 maladiv\u0103 fa\u0163\u0103 de imaginea noastr\u0103 public\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00cen l\u0103murirea stufoasei probleme a necinstei, Dan Ariely porne\u015fte de la un principiu enun\u0163at de un economist (Gary Becker, laureat al premiului Nobel), principiu care se nume\u015fte SMIR (Simplul Model al Infrac\u0163iunii Ra\u0163ionale). Conform acestuia, deciziile frauduloase sunt o chestiune de evaluare comparativ\u0103 a rezultatelor posibil negative sau negative ale unor op\u0163iuni. C\u00e2nt\u0103rim raportul dintre cost \u015fi beneficiu \u015fi ne hot\u0103r\u00e2m dac\u0103 vom jefui un magazin, doar dup\u0103 ce vedem “dac\u0103 merit\u0103”. Estim\u0103m c\u00e2\u0163i bani sunt \u00een casa de marcat, apreciem posibilitatea de a fi prin\u015fi \u015fi pre\u0163\u0103luim posibila pedeaps\u0103. Nu avem nicio considera\u0163ie fa\u0163\u0103 de ceea este corect sau incorect, la modul absolut, \u015fi nu ne intereseaz\u0103 dec\u00e2t avantajul propriu. Altfel spus, suntem cu to\u0163ii ni\u015fte virtuali infractori.<\/p>\n
Sigur, modelul SMIR este excesiv de simplu \u015fi simplificator, neacoperind \u00eentreaga plaj\u0103 a cauzelor pentru care omul este necinstit. A\u015fa \u00eenc\u00e2t Ariely porne\u015fte o investiga\u0163ie pe cont propriu, spre a g\u0103si nuan\u0163e, exploreaz\u0103 tendin\u0163ele elementare ce stau la baza necinstei, \u00ee\u015fi \u00eendreapt\u0103 aten\u0163ia spre unele experimente ce \u00eel ajut\u0103 descopere for\u0163ele psihologice \u015fi ambientale care amplific\u0103 sau tempereaz\u0103 onestitatea (printre care conflictele de interese, contrafacerile, pe\u015fche\u015furile, inventivitatea sau simpla oboseal\u0103), dar \u015fi spre aspectele sociale ale necinstei, modul \u00een care ceilal\u0163i ne influen\u0163eaz\u0103 felul \u00een care \u00een\u0163elegem binele \u015fi r\u0103ul, capacitatea noastr\u0103 de a tri\u015fa atunci c\u00e2nd al\u0163ii pot beneficia de pe urma necinstei noastre etc. etc. Odat\u0103 ce vom \u00een\u0163elege for\u0163ele care ne conduc realmente, vom pricepe c\u0103 nu suntem neajutora\u0163i \u00een fa\u0163\u015fa sl\u0103biciunilor noastre omene\u015fti \u015fi c\u0103 putem s\u0103 ne restructur\u0103m mediul. \u015ei deci, s\u0103 ne\u0163inem \u00een fr\u00e2u comportamentul necinstit. Frumos, nu?<\/p>\n
Dan Ariely, “Adev\u0103rul (cinstit) despre necinste”, Editura Publica, Bucure\u015fti, 2012<\/u><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
…adic\u0103 despre tot ce ne doare mai mult \u00een zilele noastre, fie c\u0103 se exprim\u0103 \u00een domeniul politicii, al culturii, al economiei sau societ\u0103\u0163ii \u00een general. Dan Ariely, profesor de psihologie \u015fi economie comportamental\u0103, ia taurul de coarne \u015fi \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 ne explice care sunt cauzele lipsei de onestitate, de ce pornirea spre \u00een\u015fel\u0103ciune a devenit at\u00e2t de larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u015fi, \u00een fine, cum am putea trata acest flagel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7194],"tags":[29573,7193,14597,21528],"class_list":["post-58068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-carte","tag-adevarul-cinstit-despre-necinste","tag-carte","tag-dan-ariely","tag-editura-publica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58068","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58068"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58068\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74217,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58068\/revisions\/74217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}