{"id":53951,"date":"2012-02-27T12:08:52","date_gmt":"2012-02-27T12:08:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=53951"},"modified":"2026-04-03T07:09:43","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T07:09:43","slug":"de-ce-a-dat-faliment-mic-ro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=53951","title":{"rendered":"De ce a dat faliment Mic.ro"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eduard Dinu, profesor doctor la Academia de Studii Economice din Bucure\u015fti, analizeaz\u0103 pentru Ziarul Financiar<\/a> falimentul Mic.ro.<\/p>\n

Ceea ce trebuia demonstrat s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat zilele acestea, un cunoscut \u00eentreprinz\u0103tor rom\u00e2n fiind nevoit s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103 \u015fi de jure, nu numai de facto, e\u015fecul afacerii numite Mic.Ro. Personal am fost sceptic \u00eenc\u0103 de c\u00e2nd am auzit de planul de afaceri care prevedea p\u0103trunderea pe o ni\u015f\u0103 a comer\u0163ului cu am\u0103nuntul, miz\u00e2nd pe proximitate \u015fi produse autohtone, \u00eentr-un sector dominat de gigan\u0163i. A\u015fa-numitele atuuri \u00eentrez\u0103rite de \u00eentreprinz\u0103torii locali sunt \u00een fapt simple himere. R\u0103zvan Petrovici a cunoscut acela\u015fi e\u015fec cu re\u0163eaua Univers’all, ca de altfel \u015fi Cornel Penescu cu lan\u0163ul Pic. Asta pe segmentul formatelor mari de magazine. \u015ei exemplele pot continua. Simpla consultare a datelor statistice publicate periodic arat\u0103 c\u0103 sectorul cu rata cea mai ridicat\u0103 de faliment \u00een Rom\u00e2nia este comer\u0163ul cu am\u0103nuntul.<\/p>\n

Magazinele de formate mici supravie\u0163uiesc cu greu \u00een lumea modern\u0103. C\u0103ci diferen\u0163a uria\u015f\u0103 de talie confer\u0103 gigan\u0163ilor adev\u0103ratele atuuri: putere de negociere net superioar\u0103 \u00een raport cu furnizorii de m\u0103rfuri (multe lan\u0163uri europene de\u0163in centrale unice de achizi\u0163ie a m\u0103rfurilor), costuri opera\u0163ionale minime pe metrul p\u0103trat de suprafa\u0163\u0103 comercial\u0103, sortimente diversificate de m\u0103rfuri etc.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Cu toate eforturile organelor competente, cum ar fi Consiliul Concuren\u0163ei, de exemplu, gigan\u0163ii valorific\u0103 \u00een beneficiul propriu aceste atuuri inclusiv prin taxe de pozi\u0163ionare, imputarea cheltuielilor de reclam\u0103 furnizorilor de m\u0103rfuri, stabilirea unilateral\u0103 a termenelor de plat\u0103 c\u0103tre furnizorii de m\u0103rfuri etc. Acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 peste tot \u00een lume. \u00cen acest context iluzia pozi\u0163ion\u0103rii pe ni\u015fa proximit\u0103\u0163ii nu are cum s\u0103 se dovedeasc\u0103 inspirat\u0103. Pentru c\u0103 gigan\u0163ii ocup\u0103 agresiv \u015fi acest segment.<\/p>\n

Carrefour este cel mai adecvat exemplu pentru pia\u0163a autohton\u0103: dup\u0103 ce \u00een prim\u0103 faz\u0103 a penetrat pia\u0163a cu hipermarketuri pozi\u0163ionate marginal, lan\u0163ul francez a atacat ulterior \u015fi zona de proximitate cu conceptul Carrefour Market. Asocierea recent\u0103 dintre acesta \u015fi lan\u0163ul Angst este un mod agresiv de opera\u0163ionalizare a strategiei men\u0163ionate. \u00centreg teritoriul va fi ocupat de retailerii interna\u0163ionali care de\u0163in resurse financiare importante, au formate de business validate de experien\u0163\u0103 \u015fi parteneriate dezvoltate la o scar\u0103 cu totul alta cu marii produc\u0103tori: Unilever, Procter and Gamble, Coca-Cola etc. Imagina\u0163i-v\u0103 un ring de box \u00een care intr\u0103 un boxer de la categoria mijlocie-mic\u0103 convins fiind c\u0103 de\u0163ine secretul de a-l \u00eenvinge pe unul de la supergrea.<\/p>\n

\u00centrebarea care se pune nu este cine va fi c\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103torul, ci \u00een ce repriz\u0103 va fi anun\u0163at k.o.-ul?<\/p>\n

Cele mai eficiente formate de v\u00e2nz\u0103ri cu am\u0103nuntul sunt cele mari, dup\u0103 atest\u0103 \u015fi datele de mai jos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Tabel 1 – Total v\u00e2nz\u0103ri<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
mil. EURO<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Segment de pia\u0163\u0103<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2007<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2008<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2009<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Hipermarket-uri (>2.500 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2.435<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3.200<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3.550<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Cash & Carry (>5.000 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2.543<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2.492<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2.500<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Discountere (400 – 2.500 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
573<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
733<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
960<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Supermarket-uri (400-2.500 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
680<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
753<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
700<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Total comer\u0163 modern<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
6.231<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
7.178<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
7.710<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Indicator\/segment de pia\u0163\u0103<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Suprafe\u0163e totale – mp<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
V\u00e2nz\u0103ri euro\/mp<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2008<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2009<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2008<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2009<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Hipermarket-uri (>2.500 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
559.200<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
632.700<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
5.722<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
5.611<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Cash & Carry (>5.000 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
329.500<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
337.500<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
7.563<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
7.407<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Discountere (400 – 2.500 mp)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
172.000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
232.800<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
4.262<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
4.124<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Sursa: ZF 16 aprilie 2010<\/p>\n

Imagina\u0163i-v\u0103 de asemenea ce volum de v\u00e2nz\u0103ri poate genera un magazin de c\u00e2\u0163iva zeci de metri p\u0103tra\u0163i, cu o gam\u0103 restr\u00e2ns\u0103 de m\u0103rfuri: pres\u0103 scris\u0103 (care oricum este pe cale de dispari\u0163ie pe mapamond), sucuri, biscui\u0163i, conserve, \u0163ig\u0103ri \u015fi altele de genul acesta \u00een compara\u0163ie formatele de mai sus. Ponderea v\u00e2nz\u0103rilor prin re\u0163elele moderne de comer\u0163 ajunsese \u00een Rom\u00e2nia la finele lui 2009 la cca. 55% comparativ cu numai 26% \u00een anul 2005 potrivit datelor furnizate de c\u0103tre Consiliul Concuren\u0163ei iar dinamica indic\u0103 un singur sens. Din punct de vedere strategic se poate afirma c\u0103 atractivitatea sectorului de comer\u0163 cu am\u0103nuntul pentru un competitor local este foarte sc\u0103zut\u0103, barierele la intrare fiind importante, nivelul de concuren\u0163\u0103 ridicat iar puterea de negociere \u00een raport cu furnizorii sc\u0103zut\u0103. To\u0163i ace\u015fti factori \u00eenseamn\u0103 o probabilitate ridicat\u0103 de faliment. Sigur, \u00een cazul de fa\u0163\u0103, \u00eentreprinz\u0103torul nostru ar mai fi putut \u00eencerca o ultim\u0103 solu\u0163ie \u00eenainte de a cere insolven\u0163a propriei afaceri: conversia datoriilor \u00een obliga\u0163iuni \u015fi ulterior a acestora \u00een ac\u0163iuni. O singur\u0103 problem\u0103 \u00eempiedic\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 opera\u0163ionalizarea acestei scheme, brevetate \u00een alt context: faptul c\u0103 spre deosebire de Petromidia principalii creditori ai afacerii sunt priva\u0163i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Falimentul Mic.ro, re\u0163eaua de magazine de\u0163inut\u0103 de omul de afaceri Dinu Patriciu intrat\u0103 \u00een insolven\u0163\u0103 \u00een luna februarie a anului curent, a fost vestea \u00eenceputului de an \u00een comer\u0163ul autohton. Cum se explic\u0103 falimentul Mic.ro?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[9265,7664,9008,17354,87],"class_list":["post-53951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-dinu-patriciu","tag-faliment","tag-insolventa","tag-mic-ro","tag-opinie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53951","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53951"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53951\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70580,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53951\/revisions\/70580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}