{"id":52032,"date":"2011-11-19T20:59:21","date_gmt":"2011-11-19T20:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=52032"},"modified":"2026-04-03T06:19:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T06:19:08","slug":"marea-reconstituire-cum-ar-fi-aratat-primul-computer-programabil-din-lume-foto-video","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=52032","title":{"rendered":"Marea reconstituire: cum ar fi ar\u0103tat primul computer programabil din lume (FOTO, VIDEO)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Grupul de cercet\u0103tori condus de programatorul John Graham-Cumming \u015fi de Doron Swade, fost custode al Muzeului de \u015etiin\u0163\u0103 din Londra, va utiliza schi\u0163ele incomplete ale ma\u015finii lui Babbage, care se afl\u0103 la aceast\u0103 institu\u0163ie, \u00een \u00eencercarea de a afla dac\u0103 matematicianul chiar ar fi reu\u015fit s\u0103 creeeze, cu materialele \u015fi \u015ftiin\u0163a epocii lui, un computer programabil viabil \u00een deceniul al patrulea al secolului al XIX-lea.<\/p>\n

Proiectul de construire a ma\u015finii analitice vine dup\u0103 construirea \u00een urm\u0103 cu dou\u0103zeci de ani a unei alte inven\u0163ii a lui Babbage, ma\u015fina diferen\u0163ial\u0103 nr. 2, un calculator cu circa 8.000 de componente a c\u0103ror asamblare a necesitat o migal\u0103 de ceasornicar. Tot Dorin Swade a coordonat \u015fi construc\u0163ia ma\u015finii diferen\u0163iale, care actualmente exist\u0103 \u00een lume \u00een dou\u0103 exemplare: primul, la Muzeul de \u015etiin\u0163\u0103 din Londra, al doilea la Muzeul de Istorie a Computerelor din Mountain View, California.<\/p>\n

\n<\/object><\/p>\n

Ma\u015fina analitic\u0103, la care Babbage a \u00eenceput s\u0103 lucreze \u00een 1837, a avut \u015fi un prim programator, \u00een persoana fiicei Lordului Byron, Ada Lovelace. \u00cen ciuda eforturilor lui Babbage \u015fi ale Adei Lovelace, proiectul lor nu s-a materializat \u00eens\u0103.<\/p>\n

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Lovelace a murit la 37 de ani de cancer, iar Babbage n-a putut g\u0103si niciodat\u0103 finan\u0163area de care ar fi avut nevoie ca s\u0103 des\u0103v\u00e2r\u015feasc\u0103 un model func\u0163ional al ma\u015finii analitice. Dup\u0103 ani de schi\u0163e \u015fi proiecte \u015fi \u00eencerc\u0103ri infructuoase de a ob\u0163ine finan\u0163are, matematicianul a murit \u00een 1871, f\u0103r\u0103 ca ma\u015fina s\u0103 fi fost construit\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ma\u015fina analitic\u0103 (model):<\/p>\n

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Ma\u015fina diferen\u0163ial\u0103 nr. 1 (model):<\/p>\n

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Ma\u015fina diferen\u0163ial\u0103 nr. 2:<\/p>\n

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Foto: Muzeul de \u015etiin\u0163\u0103 din Londra<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un grup de cercet\u0103tori britanici \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 duc\u0103 la bun sf\u00e2r\u015fit un proiect pe care creatorul s\u0103u nu a mai apucat s\u0103-l vad\u0103 pus \u00een practic\u0103. Ace\u015ftia au la dispozi\u0163ie o sum\u0103 de ordinul milioanelor de dolari pentru a \u00eencerca, vreme de zece ani, s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 ma\u015fina analitic\u0103 a matematicianului englez Charles Babbage, considerat\u0103 primul computer programabil al omenirii.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[586],"tags":[25409,8330,25412,25411,6569,25410,477,8864,204],"class_list":["post-52032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arta-si-societate","tag-babbage","tag-computer","tag-doron-swade","tag-john-graham-cumming","tag-londra","tag-lovelace","tag-proiect","tag-stiinta","tag-tehnologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52032"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68864,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52032\/revisions\/68864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}