\nFotocataliza ofer\u0103 o modalitate promi\u0163\u0103toare de a transforma cantitatea vast\u0103 de lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 \u00een energie chimic\u0103 util\u0103, potrivit Science Daily.<\/p>\n
\nPrintre materialele care atrag o aten\u0163ie din ce \u00een ce mai mare se num\u0103r\u0103 imidele de poliheptazin\u0103, care au caracteristici structurale \u015fi func\u0163ionale ce le fac deosebit de eficiente pentru reac\u0163iile fotocatalitice.<\/p>\n
\nP\u00e2n\u0103 de cur\u00e2nd, oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 aveau doar o \u00een\u0163elegere limitat\u0103 a modului \u00een care schimb\u0103rile din structura lor influen\u0163eaz\u0103 comportamentul electronic \u015fi optic al multor materiale posibile din aceast\u0103 familie.<\/p>\n
\nCercet\u0103torii au introdus acum o abordare teoretic\u0103 fiabil\u0103 \u015fi reproductibil\u0103 pentru a aborda aceast\u0103 problem\u0103. Previziunile lor au fost validate prin m\u0103sur\u0103tori efectuate pe probe reale de material.<\/p>\n
\nEchipa consider\u0103 c\u0103 acest progres ar putea accelera semnificativ cercetarea privind imidele de poliheptazin\u0103 \u015fi ar putea stimula o cre\u015ftere rapid\u0103 \u00een acest domeniu.<\/p>\n
\nImidele de poliheptazin\u0103 apar\u0163in clasei mai largi a nitrurilor de carbon. Aceste materiale constau din structuri stratificate care seam\u0103n\u0103 cu grafenul, dar sunt construite din unit\u0103\u0163i moleculare \u00een form\u0103 de inel, bogate \u00een azot.<\/p>\n
\nDe\u015fi grafenul este cunoscut pentru conductivitatea electric\u0103 excep\u0163ional\u0103, acesta nu func\u0163ioneaz\u0103 bine ca fotocatalizator. Imidele de poliheptazin\u0103 difer\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod crucial. Bandele lor de interdic\u0163ie electronic\u0103 le permit s\u0103 absoarb\u0103 lumina vizibil\u0103, ceea ce le face potrivite pentru reac\u0163ii chimice determinate de lumina solar\u0103.<\/p>\n
\nMaterialele din nitrur\u0103 de carbon ofer\u0103, de asemenea, mai multe avantaje practice. Sunt relativ ieftine de produs, netoxice \u015fi stabile termic. Cu toate acestea, versiunile timpurii ale acestor materiale nu au func\u0163ionat bine ca fotocatalizatori, deoarece propriet\u0103\u0163ile lor interne limitau separarea eficient\u0103 a sarcinilor.<\/p>\n
\nC\u00e2nd un foton love\u015fte un material, acesta poate excita un electron \u015fi \u00eel poate \u00eendep\u0103rta de la pozi\u0163ia sa ini\u0163ial\u0103, l\u0103s\u00e2nd \u00een urm\u0103 o gaur\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcat\u0103 pozitiv. Dac\u0103 electronul se recombin\u0103 rapid cu gaura, energia este eliberat\u0103 doar sub form\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 sau lumin\u0103, \u00een loc s\u0103 genereze reac\u0163ii chimice.<\/p>\n
\nSunt necesare materiale \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163ite pentru a valorifica poten\u0163ialul economic al mai multor procese fotocatalitice.<\/p>\n
\nAcestea includ scindarea apei (pentru a produce hidrogen ca combustibil), reducerea dioxidului de carbon (pentru a produce carbohidra\u0163i de baz\u0103 ca combustibili sau substan\u0163e chimice industriale) \u015fi produc\u0163ia de peroxid de hidrogen (ca substan\u0163\u0103 chimic\u0103 industrial\u0103 de baz\u0103).<\/p>\n
\nProiectarea unui catalizator de imid\u0103 de poliheptazin\u0103 care s\u0103 func\u0163ioneze bine pentru o reac\u0163ie specific\u0103 necesit\u0103 un control atent asupra multor aspecte ale structurii sale. Crearea \u015fi testarea fiec\u0103rui material candidat posibil \u00een laborator ar fi nerealist\u0103. Prin urmare, metodele computationale joac\u0103 un rol esen\u0163ial \u00een restr\u00e2ngerea posibilit\u0103\u0163ilor.<\/p>\n
\nFolosind abordarea lor computa\u0163ional\u0103, cercet\u0103torii au explorat modul \u00een care diferi\u0163i ioni metalici modific\u0103 structura re\u0163elei de poliheptazin\u0103 imid\u0103. Analiza lor a relevat c\u0103 introducerea ionilor poate provoca schimb\u0103ri structurale m\u0103surabile, inclusiv modific\u0103ri ale distan\u0163ei dintre straturi \u015fi modific\u0103ri ale mediilor locale de leg\u0103tur\u0103.<\/p>\n
\nAceste varia\u0163ii structurale influen\u0163eaz\u0103 direct structura benzii electronice \u015fi propriet\u0103\u0163ile optice ale materialelor, afect\u00e2nd eficien\u0163a cu care acestea capteaz\u0103 lumina.<\/p>\n
\nPentru a-\u015fi testa predic\u0163iile, echipa a sintetizat opt materiale de poliheptazin\u0103 imid\u0103, fiecare incorpor\u00e2nd un ion metalic diferit. Materialele au fost apoi evaluate \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte capacitatea lor de a cataliza produc\u0163ia de peroxid de hidrogen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 au dezvoltat o nou\u0103 metod\u0103 de calcul extrem de eficient\u0103, care ar putea accelera c\u0103utarea materialelor de nou\u0103 genera\u0163ie capabile s\u0103 transforme lumina solar\u0103 \u00een energie chimic\u0103 util\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[73,62885],"class_list":["post-246179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-combustibil","tag-lumina-solara"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=246179"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246179\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=246179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=246179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=246179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}