\n\u00cen America superboga\u0163ilor, unde luxul se m\u0103soar\u0103 \u00een avioane private \u015fi portofolii de investi\u0163ii, o nou\u0103 \u201ejuc\u0103rie\u201d fiscal\u0103 face valuri: sp\u0103l\u0103toria auto. Din Miami \u00een Denver, de la familii cu averi vechi de genera\u0163ii p\u00e2n\u0103 la antreprenori care \u015fi-au v\u00e2ndut businessurile pentru zeci de milioane de dolari, toat\u0103 lumea descoper\u0103 c\u0103 o banal\u0103 sp\u0103l\u0103torie poate fi, de fapt, un mecanism sofisticat de optimizare fiscal\u0103, scrie Bloomberg.<\/p>\n
\nTotul a \u00eenceput cu o lege aparent tehnic\u0103 \u2013 One Big Beautiful Bill Act<\/em> \u2013 care a consolidat o facilitate introdus\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 din epoca Trump: deducerea integral\u0103, \u00een primul an, a oric\u0103rui activ de business care \u201ese uzeaz\u0103 \u00een timp\u201d. \u00cen jargonul fiscal american, conceptul se nume\u015fte bonus depreciation<\/em>. \u00cen realitate, el a devenit o veritabil\u0103 porti\u0163\u0103 legal\u0103 pentru cei care \u015ftiu s\u0103 joace inteligent \u00een fa\u0163a Fiscului.<\/p>\n \nAvionul privat care nu zboar\u0103 \u015fi sp\u0103l\u0103toria care \u201ecur\u0103\u0163\u0103\u201d taxe<\/strong><\/p>\n \nPentru Dan Hurley, fondatorul Global Charter \u2013 un broker de avioane private \u2013 legea a fost \u201eseismic\u0103\u201d. V\u00e2nz\u0103rile de avioane private au urcat cu 30% \u00een doi ani, iar clien\u0163ii nu mai sunt neap\u0103rat oameni care vor s\u0103 zboare.<\/p>\n \n\u201eUnii cump\u0103r\u0103 avioane doar ca s\u0103 le \u00eenchirieze altora \u015fi s\u0103-\u015fi reduc\u0103 impozitele. Nici m\u0103car nu le folosesc personal\u201d, spune Hurley.<\/p>\n \nDar adev\u0103rata revolu\u0163ie fiscal\u0103 se joac\u0103 mai aproape de sol \u2013 \u00een jurul sp\u0103l\u0103toriilor auto \u015fi al benzin\u0103riilor, active care se calific\u0103 perfect pentru deducerea integral\u0103, datorit\u0103 volumului mare de echipamente \u015fi infrastructur\u0103 \u201euzabil\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n \nMark Johnson, un antreprenor care \u015fi-a v\u00e2ndut compania de familie, poveste\u015fte c\u0103 a cump\u0103rat c\u00e2teva sp\u0103l\u0103torii \u00een Colorado \u015fi Alabama \u201edoar ca s\u0103 nu dea milioane de dolari la stat\u201d. Acum vrea s\u0103 mai adauge c\u00e2teva.<\/p>\n \n \u201eEste un joc cu miz\u0103 mare. Func\u0163ioneaz\u0103 c\u00e2t tr\u0103iesc, iar mo\u015ftenitorii mei vor primi active solide. Apoi ciclul se reia\u201d, spune el.<\/p>\n \nCursa dup\u0103 active deductibile: de la benzin\u0103rii la \u201eparadisuri fiscale din beton\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \nDe la adoptarea legii, firmele de consultan\u0163\u0103 fiscal\u0103 sunt asaltate de telefoane. \u201eToat\u0103 lumea \u00eentreab\u0103: Ce s\u0103 cump\u0103r\u0103m ca s\u0103 profit\u0103m la maxim?<\/em>\u201d, explic\u0103 Heidi Henderson, director la Engineered Tax Services, o firm\u0103 specializat\u0103 \u00een optimizarea fiscal\u0103 a proiectelor imobiliare.<\/p>\n \nRezultatul? Un val de investi\u0163ii \u00een active \u201edeductibile\u201d: sp\u0103l\u0103torii auto, sta\u0163ii de carburan\u0163i, depozite logistice, restaurante fast-food. Glen Kunofsky, CEO al companiei Surmount, estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 a v\u00e2ndut peste 5\u20136 miliarde de dolari \u00een sp\u0103l\u0103torii auto de la prima reform\u0103 fiscal\u0103 din 2017. Dup\u0103 noile modific\u0103ri, cererea \u201ea explodat din nou\u201d.<\/p>\n \nEfectul Trump: bonusul fiscal care a schimbat profilul investitorilor<\/strong><\/p>\n \nCeea ce a \u00eenceput ca o m\u0103sur\u0103 menit\u0103 s\u0103 stimuleze investi\u0163iile \u00een economie a devenit, \u00een fapt, un instrument de inginerie fiscal\u0103. Dac\u0103 \u00eenainte clien\u0163ii principali ai acestor afaceri erau fondurile de private equity, acum tot mai multe family offices<\/em> \u2013 structuri prin care familii cu averi uria\u015fe \u00ee\u015fi administreaz\u0103 capitalul \u2013 cump\u0103r\u0103 sp\u0103l\u0103torii auto, benzin\u0103rii \u015fi mici unit\u0103\u0163i industriale doar pentru avantajele fiscale.<\/p>\n \n\u201eClien\u0163ii vin cu o sum\u0103 precis\u0103 \u2013 de pild\u0103 8 sau 10 milioane de dolari \u2013 \u015fi caut\u0103 exact activele care se potrivesc cu nevoia lor de deducere\u201d. E o competi\u0163ie acerb\u0103 s\u0103 cumperi o sp\u0103l\u0103torie bun\u0103.\u201d spune Alexander Becker, consultant imobiliar din Denver.<\/p>\n \nCostul pentru stat: 363 de miliarde de dolari \u00een 10 ani<\/p>\n \nPe partea cealalt\u0103 a baricadei, statul american calculeaz\u0103 pierderile. Comitetul mixt pentru impozitare al Congresului estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 porti\u0163\u0103 fiscal\u0103 va costa bugetul peste 363 de miliarde de dolari \u00een urm\u0103torul deceniu. \n\u201e\u00cen loc s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 locuin\u0163e sau fabrici de care economia are nevoie, oamenii investesc \u00een sp\u0103l\u0103torii doar pentru avantajul fiscal\u201d, spune el.<\/p>\n \n\u00centr-o ironie subtil\u0103, ceea ce c\u00e2ndva era simbolul micilor antreprenori locali a devenit acum o ma\u015fin\u0103rie financiar\u0103 de sp\u0103lat taxe. \u00centr-o economie global\u0103 \u00een care statul pierde teren \u00een fa\u0163a creativit\u0103\u0163ii fiscale, sp\u0103l\u0103toria auto devine metafora perfect\u0103 a capitalismului contemporan: mult\u0103 spum\u0103, luciu impecabil la suprafa\u0163\u0103 \u015fi un mecanism complex care ruleaz\u0103, discret, \u00een culise.<\/p>\n \n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00cen America superboga\u0163ilor, unde luxul se m\u0103soar\u0103 \u00een avioane private \u015fi portofolii de investi\u0163ii, o nou\u0103 \u201ejuc\u0103rie\u201d fiscal\u0103 face valuri: sp\u0103l\u0103toria auto. Din Miami \u00een Denver, de la familii cu averi vechi de genera\u0163ii p\u00e2n\u0103 la antreprenori care \u015fi-au v\u00e2ndut businessurile pentru zeci de milioane de dolari, toat\u0103 lumea descoper\u0103 c\u0103 o banal\u0103 sp\u0103l\u0103torie poate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[9323,255,6577,214,21959,7262],"class_list":["post-241573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-active","tag-antreprenori","tag-auto","tag-avioane","tag-jucarie","tag-taxe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=241573"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241573\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=241573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=241573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=241573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nSteve Wamhoff, director de politic\u0103 fiscal\u0103 la Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy<\/em>, avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 este o m\u0103sur\u0103 profund ineficient\u0103.<\/p>\n