{"id":239629,"date":"2025-08-27T14:04:13","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T14:04:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=239629"},"modified":"2026-04-11T12:04:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T12:04:04","slug":"economia-locala-a-franat-in-ultimii-trei-ani-mai-sta-in-picioare-ideea-ca-romania-are-deficit-de-forta-de-munca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=239629","title":{"rendered":"Economia local\u0103 a fr\u00e2nat \u00een ultimii trei ani, mai st\u0103 \u00een picioare ideea c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia are deficit de for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\u2666 <\/span>Cristian Popa, BNR: \u201eParadoxal, pia\u0163a muncii este, \u00een acela\u015fi timp, relativ tensionat\u0103 (cu deficit de for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103), dar dispune \u015fi de rezerve importante.\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nEconomia local\u0103 a fr\u00e2nat \u00een ultimii trei ani, businessul a \u00eencetinit pentru multe sec\u00adtoare de activitate, \u00eens\u0103 pia\u0163a muncii din Ro\u00adm\u00e2\u00adnia r\u0103m\u00e2ne prins\u0103 \u00eentr-un paradox: com\u00adpa\u00adniile continu\u0103 s\u0103 acuze lipsa for\u0163ei de mun\u00adc\u0103 bine preg\u0103tite, dar, \u00een acela\u015fi timp, exist\u0103 rezerve importante de personal nevalorificat.<\/p>\n

\nDatele de la BNR arat\u0103 c\u0103 circa 40% dintre firme continu\u0103 s\u0103 se confrunte cu lipsa personalului calificat, iar fenomenul se resimte at\u00e2t \u00een industriile cu activit\u0103\u0163i de baz\u0103, c\u00e2t \u015fi \u00een sectoare cu valoare ad\u0103ugat\u0103 ridicat\u0103, precum IT, inginerie sau s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/p>\n

\nAstfel, rezultatele extrase din sondajul privind accesul la finan\u0163are al companiilor nefinanciare din Rom\u00e2nia (FCNEF) rea\u00adlizat de BNR au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 disponibilitarea for\u0163ei de munc\u0103 bine preg\u0103tite a reprezen\u00adtat o dificultate destul de des \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul companiilor \u00een perioada septembrie 2024 \u2013 februarie 2025, aproximativ 40% dintre acestea consider\u00e2nd lipsa persona\u00adlului calificat ca fiind o problem\u0103 presant\u0103, iar procentul urc\u0103 la 54% \u00een cazul corpora\u0163iilor.<\/p>\n

\n\u201eAcest deficit love\u015fte at\u00e2t la baz\u0103, c\u00e2t \u015fi la v\u00e2rf: cel mai acut se manifest\u0103 la ocupa\u0163ii cu competen\u0163e elementare, dar persist\u0103 \u015fi \u00een IT&C, \u015ftiin\u0163e, inginerie \u015fi s\u0103n\u0103tate. Para\u00addoxal, pia\u0163a muncii este, \u00een acela\u015fi timp, re\u00adlativ tensionat\u0103 (cu deficit de for\u0163\u0103 de mun\u00adc\u0103), dar dispune \u015fi de rezerve impor\u00adtan\u00adte\u201c, sus\u0163ine Cristian Popa, CFA, membru \u00een boardul BNR, pe contul s\u0103u de Linkedin.<\/p>\n

\nLa nivel european, Rom\u00e2nia resimte lipsa de personal calificat mai acut dec\u00e2t multe alte state. Potrivit sondajului ECB SAFE, companiile rom\u00e2ne\u015fti au evaluat problema lipsei de personal la 8,1 puncte din 10 \u00een perioada aprilie-septembrie 2024, \u00een timp ce media UE27 este de 6,7 puncte.<\/p>\n

\nDatele sunt sus\u0163inute \u015fi de raportul EURES 2024, care plaseaz\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia pe locul 5 \u00een UE dup\u0103 intensitatea deficitului de personal. Aceast\u0103 pozi\u0163ie este alimenta\u00adt\u0103 de indicatori precum rata redus\u0103 de participare a for\u0163ei de munc\u0103 \u2013 \u00een special \u00een r\u00e2ndul tinerilor, femeilor \u015fi minorit\u0103\u0163ii rome \u2013 \u015fi procentul ridicat al tinerilor NEET (care nu lucreaz\u0103, nu urmeaz\u0103 studii \u015fi nu particip\u0103 la programe de formare).<\/p>\n

\nDe\u015fi rata de ocupare a crescut de la 49,5% \u00een 2009 la 63,8% \u00een 2024, Rom\u00e2nia r\u0103m\u00e2ne cu aproape 10 puncte procentuale sub media UE.<\/p>\n

\n\u00cemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea demografic\u0103 accentueaz\u0103 presiunea asupra pie\u0163ei muncii. Ponderea persoanelor de peste 65 de ani a crescut la 20% \u00een 2024, fa\u0163\u0103 de 16% \u00een 2013, iar v\u00e2rsta median\u0103 a popula\u0163iei este acum de aproape 44 de ani. \u00cen acela\u015fi timp, prognozele indic\u0103 o sc\u0103dere a popula\u0163iei totale cu aproape 10% p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2035.<\/p>\n

\nPe fondul acestei presiuni, migra\u0163ia a devenit un factor corectiv al pie\u0163ei. Dup\u0103 dou\u0103 decenii de migra\u0163ie net negativ\u0103, Ro\u00adm\u00e2\u00adnia a trecut pe plus \u00een perioada 2022\u20132023.<\/p>\n

\n\u201eAsta nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 to\u0163i rom\u00e2nii s-au \u00eentors acas\u0103 sau c\u0103 au \u00eencetat s\u0103 mai plece, dar fenomenul s-a temperat, au \u00eenceput s\u0103 mai \u015fi revin\u0103 acas\u0103. \u00cen medie, au emigrat (plecat) peste 200.000 de persoane anual \u00een ultimii 10 ani. Dar, \u00een 2023, Rom\u00e2nia a avut circa 324.000 imigran\u0163i (persoane sosite)\u201c, a explicat Cristian Popa.<\/p>\n

\nAnaliza BNR arat\u0103 c\u0103 num\u0103rul imigran\u0163ilor a crescut \u00een special datorit\u0103 lucr\u0103torilor proveni\u0163i din Nepal, Sri Lanka, Vietnam \u015fi alte state non-UE (\u00een general, muncitori necalifica\u0163i care apar\u0163in \u0163\u0103rilor \u00een curs de dezvoltare sau cei pleca\u0163i din Ucraina) \u015fi mai pu\u0163in din UE, \u00een timp ce emigrarea \u00eei prive\u015fte adesea pe lucr\u0103torii califica\u0163i.<\/p>\n

\n

\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\nNot\u0103: Indicatorul privind tensionarea pie\u0163ei muncii este calculat ca raport \u00eentre rata locurilor de munc\u0103 vacante \u015fi rata \u015fomajului BIM (date cu frecvent\u0103 lunar\u0103). Deficitul de for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103 se refer\u0103 la procentul companiilor care percep c\u0103 dificultatea de a g\u0103si for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103 reprezint\u0103 un factor care le limiteaz\u0103 activitatea economic\u0103.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\nSursa: INS, Eurostat, CE-DG ECFIN, calcule BNR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Economia local\u0103 a fr\u00e2nat \u00een ultimii trei ani, businessul a \u00eencetinit pentru multe sec\u00adtoare de activitate, \u00eens\u0103 pia\u0163a muncii din Ro\u00adm\u00e2\u00adnia r\u0103m\u00e2ne prins\u0103 \u00eentr-un paradox: com\u00adpa\u00adniile continu\u0103 s\u0103 acuze lipsa for\u0163ei de mun\u00adc\u0103 bine preg\u0103tite, dar, \u00een acela\u015fi timp, exist\u0103 rezerve importante de personal nevalorificat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[411,188,7367,196],"class_list":["post-239629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-deficit","tag-economie","tag-forta-de-munca","tag-piata-muncii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=239629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":239651,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239629\/revisions\/239651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=239629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=239629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=239629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}