{"id":239228,"date":"2025-08-11T11:02:55","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T11:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=239228"},"modified":"2025-08-11T11:02:55","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T11:02:55","slug":"sorin-anagnoste-prodecan-fabiz-ase-adaptarea-sistemului-de-invatamant-superior-la-inceputul-erei-inteligentei-artificiale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=239228","title":{"rendered":"Sorin Anagnoste, Prodecan FABIZ, ASE: Adaptarea sistemului de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt superior la \u00eenceputul erei Inteligen\u0163ei Artificiale"},"content":{"rendered":"

\nDe la lansarea Chat GPT (ie. noiembrie 2022),<\/em> putem afirma cu certitudine c\u0103 Inteligen\u0163a Artficial\u0103 (IA)<\/em> acapareaz\u0103 pia\u0163a locurilor de munc\u0103 pentru \u00eencep\u0103tori (pozi\u0163iile entry-level<\/em>) din categoria \u201cgulerelor albe\u201d, adic\u0103 tot ce implic\u0103 munc\u0103 de birou: IT, creativitate \u015fi altete.  Sincer, situa\u0163ia ar putea fi chiar mai dramatic\u0103 dec\u00e2t pare.<\/p>\n

\nIstoric, locurile de munc\u0103 pentru juniori (entry level<\/em>) au reprezentat o scar\u0103<\/em> sigur\u0103 \u015fi confortabil\u0103 (sau nu) c\u0103tre via\u0163a adult\u0103. Acele stagii, primele posturi de analist, rolurile de copywriter junior, \u00een care proaspe\u0163ii absolven\u0163i \u00eendeplinesc sarcini pe care niciun senior nu vrea s\u0103 le fac\u0103. \u015eti\u0163i, genul de locuri de munc\u0103 \u00een care \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a\u0163i cum s\u0103 trimite\u0163i e-mailuri care sun\u0103 profesional, de ce Excel-ul<\/em> se blocheaz\u0103 mereu sau cum s\u0103 contribui\u0163i \u015fi s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a\u0163i cu adev\u0103rat dintr-o \u00eent\u00e2lnire de afaceri. Acum, acelea\u015fi locuri de munc\u0103 sunt \u0163inte principale pentru GPT-urile noastre din ce \u00een ce mai sofisticate. Companiile \u00ee\u015fi dau seama c\u0103 pot folosi Chat GPT \u015fi alte modele de IA pentru a gestiona plictisitoare<\/em> \u00eentr-un mod ieftin, rapid \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 a se pl\u00e2nge vreodat\u0103 de echilibrul dintre via\u0163a profesional\u0103 \u015fi cea personal\u0103.<\/p>\n

\n\u00cencepem s\u0103 vedem companii care recunosc deschis c\u0103 nu mai au nevoie de angaja\u0163i juniori. De ce s\u0103 pl\u0103te\u015fti pentru efortul uman c\u00e2nd o IA poate produce post\u0103ri pe re\u0163elele sociale sau coduri de nivel junior f\u0103r\u0103 pauze de cafea \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 cerin\u0163e salariale? \u015ei acest lucru nu este doar o anecdot\u0103: rata \u015fomajului \u00een r\u00e2ndul absolven\u0163ilor recen\u0163i de facultate a crescut alarmant la 6,6%, semnificativ mai mare dec\u00e2t media na\u0163ional\u0103. Este \u00eengrozitor. \u015ei este un semnal clar c\u0103 num\u0103rul joburile de junior ar putea s\u0103 cad\u0103 definitiv.<\/p>\n

\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\nFigura 1:<\/em> Procentul absolven\u0163ilor cu diplom\u0103 de licen\u0163\u0103 din popula\u0163ia activ\u0103, la un an dup\u0103 absolvire <\/em>(sursa: AI is wrecking an already fragile job market for college graduates.<\/em> [online] The Wall Street Journal. Disponibil la: https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/lifestyle\/careers\/ai-entry-level-jobs-graduates-b224d624<\/a> [Accesat la 29 iulie 2025])<\/p>\n

\nDeci, ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 acest lucru pentru universit\u0103\u0163i, institu\u0163ii prestigionase care promit s\u0103-i fac\u0103 pe studen\u0163i angajabili sau, cel pu\u0163in, le cer sume mari pentru a \u00eencerca acest lucru? Iat\u0103 un feedback direct despre programul MBA de la Stanford: \u201eNu \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m nimic<\/a><\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDespre studiile de licen\u0163\u0103 \u015fi masterat<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, s\u0103 vorbim despre studiile de licen\u0163\u0103<\/strong>. Dac\u0103 suntem sinceri, multe dintre aceste programe au func\u0163ionat din iner\u0163ie timp de decenii, produc\u00e2nd absolven\u0163i a c\u0103ror abilitate cea mai avansat\u0103 este gestionarea birocra\u0163iei din campus. Acest lucru nu mai este suficient. Educa\u0163ia universitar\u0103 are nevoie de o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163ire serioas\u0103: analize de date mai aprofundate, fluen\u0163\u0103 tehnologic\u0103, cuno\u015ftin\u0163e serioase de AI \u015fi cuno\u015ftin\u0163e practice cu adev\u0103rat utile. Toate acestea nu ar mai trebui s\u0103 fie exclusivit\u0103\u0163i la nivel de masterat. Dac\u0103 absolvi\u0163i cu doar \u201ecompeten\u0163e soft\u201d<\/em> generice \u015fi un vag sentiment de optimism, practic pl\u0103ti\u0163i taxe de \u015fcolarizare sau pierde\u0163i timpul pentru a ajunge direct la irelevan\u0163\u0103 economic\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nApoi, programele de masterat.<\/strong> \u00cen mod tradi\u0163ional, programele de masterat sunt cele \u00een care studen\u0163ii cheltuiesc pu\u0163in mai mul\u0163i bani \u015fi pu\u0163in mai mult timp pentru a ob\u0163ine versiuni pu\u0163in mai avansate ale ceea ce au \u00eenv\u0103\u0163at deja \u00een cadrul studiilor universitare de licen\u0163\u0103. Dar acest model incremental nu va supravie\u0163ui eficien\u0163ei nemiloase a IA.<\/p>\n

\nProgramele de masterat trebuie s\u0103 \u00eenceteze s\u0103 se mai prefac\u0103 c\u0103 sunt doar versiuni pu\u0163in mai dificile ale studiilor universitare de licen\u0163\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 devin\u0103 acceleratoare de creare de absolven\u0163i la nivelul senior<\/em>. Datorita AI-ul stacheta este mai sus acum. Absolven\u0163ii nu trebuie doar s\u0103 dob\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 viziune strategic\u0103 \u015fi abilit\u0103\u0163ile de luare a deciziilor, ci trebuie s\u0103 fie fluen\u0163i \u00een arhitectura modelelor AI, tot ceea ce azi se nume\u015fte \u201cprompt engineering<\/em>\u201d<\/em>,<\/em> reglarea fin\u0103 a sistemelor de IA pe date reale ale companiei, cuno\u015ftin\u0163e de programare (ie. python), dar \u015fi indicatori de performan\u0163\u0103 ai afacerii.<\/p>\n

\nMasteranzii ar trebui s\u0103 se antreneze pe date reale ale companiilor, anonimizate, dar imperfecte, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 poat\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a s\u0103 fac\u0103 distinc\u0163ia \u00eentre halucina\u0163iile algoritmice \u015fi intui\u0163ia opera\u0163ional\u0103. Ar trebui s\u0103 efectueze teste comparative pe LLM-uri, s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 micro-agen\u0163i \u015fi s\u0103 transforme totul \u00een recomand\u0103ri de afaceri, \u00een echipe interdisciplinare care includ speciali\u015fti \u00een psihologie, ingineri \u015fi designeri. \u015ecolile de afaceri ar trebui s\u0103 semene mai mult cu laboratoare de produse AI \u015fi mai pu\u0163in cu s\u0103li de seminar clasice, unde toat\u0103 lumea a\u015fteapt\u0103 r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nFiecare student la masterat ar trebui s\u0103 absolve cu cel pu\u0163in un proiect de consultan\u0163\u0103 din lumea real\u0103 la activ, de preferin\u0163\u0103 pentru o companie care nici m\u0103car nu \u015fi-a dat seama c\u00e2t de defectuoas\u0103 era fluxul s\u0103u de date p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd au ap\u0103rut studen\u0163ii. Viitorul programelor de masterat \u00eenseamn\u0103 o serie de sprinturi antreprenoriale, simul\u0103ri VC \u015fi urm\u0103rirea managerilor de produse AI. Masteranzii vor opera la intersec\u0163ia dintre cuno\u015ftin\u0163ele de domeniu \u015fi g\u00e2ndirea multidisciplinar\u0103. Pentru c\u0103 acolo se afl\u0103 valoarea \u015fi, sincer, acolo robo\u0163ii (inclusiv IA-ul) \u00eenc\u0103 se \u00eempiedic\u0103<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\n\u00cen loc de \u201econcluzii\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nTrebuie s\u0103 \u00een\u0163elegem c\u0103 simpla modificare a programelor existente nu va func\u0163iona. Universit\u0103\u0163ile trebuie s\u0103 reg\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 \u00eentreaga idee de dezvoltare a competen\u0163elor. Odat\u0103 cu pr\u0103bu\u015firea sc\u0103rilor tradi\u0163ionale ale carierei, se pr\u0103bu\u015fe\u015fte \u015fi modul \u00een care cultiv\u0103m viitorii lideri. Universit\u0103\u0163ile trebuie s\u0103 intervin\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 bre\u015f\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 predea adaptabilitate autentic\u0103, strategii de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163are pe tot parcursul vie\u0163ii \u015fi modul de a se reinventa continuu din punct de vedere profesional. Mai jos este ceea ce propune Forumul Economic Mondial<\/em>:<\/p>\n

\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\nFigura 2: Competen\u0163ele esen\u0163iale pentru 2023 (sursa: Forumul Economic Mondial, 2025. Raportul privind viitorul locurilor de munc\u0103 2025. Geneva: Forumul Economic Mondial. Disponibil la: https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/publications\/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025\/<\/a>[Accesat la 29 iulie 2025].)<\/em><\/p>\n

\nEste vorba despre formarea unor studen\u0163i care pot gestiona incertitudinea, prospera \u00een mijlocul haosului \u015fi trece rapid de la o oportunitate emergent\u0103 la alta. Pe scurt, mentalitatea economiei gig<\/em><\/a>, pe care universit\u0103\u0163ile o considerau anterior o not\u0103 secundar\u0103 ciudat\u0103, devine acum oarecum mainstream<\/em> \u015fi esen\u0163ial\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nMai mult, vor ap\u0103rea inevitabil noi categorii de locuri de munc\u0103 \u015fi discipline. Se profileaz\u0103 o val de locuri de munc\u0103 care implic\u0103 supravegherea \u015fi gestionarea AI \u00een sine: auditori AI, speciali\u015fti \u00een etica algoritmilor AI, integratori AI \u015fi a\u015fa mai departe. Cineva, undeva, trebuie s\u0103 fie preg\u0103tit s\u0103 depaneze robo\u0163ii atunci c\u00e2nd ace\u015ftia devin rebeli (sau cel pu\u0163in c\u00e2nd rezultatele lor devin ciudate). Universit\u0103\u0163ile ar putea \u015fi ar trebui s\u0103 conduc\u0103 \u00een acest domeniu, dar trebuie s\u0103 se elibereze de lentoarea birocratic\u0103. Institu\u0163iile care refuz\u0103 s\u0103 se adapteze risc\u0103 s\u0103 devin\u0103 irelevante; imagina\u0163i-v\u0103 c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 se pred\u0103 codul Morse c\u00e2nd toat\u0103 lumea are smartphone-uri \u015fi asisten\u0163i personali (ie. GPTs<\/em>)<\/p>\n

\nIgnorarea acestor tendin\u0163e sau reac\u0163ia prea lent\u0103 risc\u0103 s\u0103 transforme universit\u0103\u0163ile \u00een stereotipurile de dinozauri descrise de criticii lor cei mai duri. Iner\u0163ia renumit\u0103 a industriei \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntului superior nu mai poate fi un lux. Este un risc existen\u0163ial real, nu doar pentru universit\u0103\u0163i, ci \u015fi pentru milioanele de tineri absolven\u0163i care se bazeaz\u0103 pe ele pentru a face fa\u0163\u0103 schimb\u0103rilor seismice ale economiei.<\/p>\n

\nPe scurt, IA este deja aici: comand\u0103 cafea, r\u0103spunde la e-mailuri \u015fi face tot ceea ce f\u0103ceau angaja\u0163ii juniori, dar mai repede \u015fi mai ieftin. Universit\u0103\u0163ile pot fie s\u0103 se adapteze rapid \u015fi inteligent la aceast\u0103 nou\u0103 realitate, fie s\u0103 priveasc\u0103 cum se erodeaz\u0103 terenul de sub picioarele lor. Miza nu este doar academic\u0103, ci existen\u0163ial\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nBibliografie selectiv\u0103:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nEllis, L. and Bindley, K., 2025. AI is wrecking an already fragile job market for college graduates. The Wall Street Journal, 28 July. Available at: https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/lifestyle\/careers\/ai-entry-level-jobs-graduates-b224d624 [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\nEthier, M., 2025. \u2018We\u2019re not learning anything\u2019: Stanford GSB students sound the alarm over academics. Poets & Quants, 23 July. Available at: https:\/\/poetsandquants.com\/2025\/07\/23\/were-not-learning-anything-stanford-gsb-students-sound-the-alarm-over-academics\/ [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\nJobs for the Future, 2025. AI and entry-level employment: Emerging crisis or growing pains? LinkedIn, 21 July. Available at: https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/ai-entry-level-employment-emerging-crisis-growing-zf5bc [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\nSinofsky, S., 2025. [@stevesi] AI is rapidly eliminating entry-level jobs. What happens when there\u2019s no apprentice phase anymore? [X post]. 29 May. Available at: https:\/\/x.com\/stevesi\/status\/1948850787188355156 [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\nVandeHei, J. and Allen, M., 2025. AI jobs danger: Sleepwalking into a white-collar bloodbath. Axios, 28 May. Available at: https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2025\/05\/28\/ai-jobs-white-collar-unemployment-anthropic [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\nThe Economist, 2025. Why today\u2019s graduates are screwed. The Economist, 16 June. Available at: https:\/\/www.economist.com\/finance-and-economics\/2025\/06\/16\/why-todays-graduates-are-screwed?giftId=dfb5e4ea-90a6-488d-b150-78d04e9d4f39 [Accessed 29 July 2025].<\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nSorin Anagnoste este Conferen\u0163iar Univ. Dr. \u015fi Prodecan al Facult\u0103\u0163ii Administrarea Afacerilor cu predare \u00een limbi str\u0103ine (FABIZ<\/a>) din cadrul Academiei de Studii Economice din Bucure\u015fti (ASE<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

De la lansarea Chat GPT (ie. noiembrie 2022), putem afirma cu certitudine c\u0103 Inteligen\u0163a Artficial\u0103 (IA) acapareaz\u0103 pia\u0163a locurilor de munc\u0103 pentru \u00eencep\u0103tori (pozi\u0163iile entry-level) din categoria \u201cgulerelor albe\u201d, adic\u0103 tot ce implic\u0103 munc\u0103 de birou: IT, creativitate \u015fi altete.  Sincer, situa\u0163ia ar putea fi chiar mai dramatic\u0103 dec\u00e2t pare. Istoric, locurile de munc\u0103 pentru […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[12704],"class_list":["post-239228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-adaptare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=239228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239228\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=239228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=239228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=239228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}