\nCercet\u0103torii au aflat c\u0103 mitocondriile pot sim\u0163i un compus numit lactat, pe care bacteriile \u00eel elibereaz\u0103 c\u00e2nd produc energie. Acest lactat e ca un semnal de alarm\u0103 care le spune celulelor c\u0103 sunt atacate de bacterii, anun\u0163\u0103 Science Alert.<\/p>\n
\nC\u00e2nd mitocondriile detecteaz\u0103 lactatul, declan\u015feaz\u0103 un mecanism prin care celulele albe din s\u00e2nge numite neutrofile creeaz\u0103 \u201ecapcane” – structuri lipicioase f\u0103cute din ADN \u015fi proteine care prind bacteriile \u015fi le distrug.<\/p>\n
\n\u201eAcest lucru eviden\u0163iaz\u0103 un dialog complex \u00eentre metabolismul bacteriilor \u015fi mecanismul energetic al celulei gazd\u0103”, explic\u0103 cercet\u0103torul Andrew Monteith.<\/p>\n
\nCeea ce \u00eei surprinde pe oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 este c\u0103 mitocondriile reu\u015fesc s\u0103 detecteze bacteriile chiar dac\u0103 acestea sunt \u00eenchise \u00eentr-un compartiment separat din celul\u0103. Cumva, \u201esenzorii” mitocondriali capteaz\u0103 semnalele din aceste spa\u0163ii izolate.<\/p>\n
\nC\u00e2nd cercet\u0103torii au blocat capacitatea mitocondriilor de a detecta lactatul, celulele nu au mai putut produce capcane eficient. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 bacteriile aveau mai multe \u015fanse s\u0103 scape \u015fi s\u0103 se \u00eenmul\u0163easc\u0103.<\/p>\n
\nDescoperirea explic\u0103 de ce pacien\u0163ii cu lupus – o boal\u0103 autoimun\u0103 – au infec\u0163ii frecvente. La ace\u015fti pacien\u0163i, mitocondriile din neutrofile nu detecteaz\u0103 corect lactatul bacterian, a\u015fa c\u0103 nu produc suficiente capcane pentru bacterii.<\/p>\n
\nDescoperirea deschide drumul c\u0103tre noi tratamente. Medicamentele care \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163esc detectarea mitocondrial\u0103 ar putea ajuta persoanele cu sistem imunitar sl\u0103bit. La fel, \u00een cazul bolilor \u00een care aceste capcane celulare fac mai mult r\u0103u dec\u00e2t bine – cum e COVID-19 sever – s-ar putea limita aceast\u0103 reac\u0163ie.<\/p>\n
\nStudiul face parte dintr-un domeniu nou numit imunometabolism, care studiaz\u0103 cum metabolismul \u015fi sistemul imunitar lucreaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103. Mitocondriile nu sunt doar \u201ecentralele energetice” ale celulei, ci \u015fi turnurile de veghe care detecteaz\u0103 cele mai slabe semnale ale bacteriilor invadatoare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mitocondriile – cunoscute p\u00e2n\u0103 acum pentru c\u0103 produc energia celulelor – au \u015fi un rol secret \u00een lupta \u00eempotriva bacteriilor, au descoperit cercet\u0103torii. Fuc\u0163ioneaz\u0103 ca ni\u015fte \u201eturnuri de veghe” ale sistemului imunitar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[36777,60727,39847],"class_list":["post-237922","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-bacterii","tag-science-alert","tag-sistem-imunitar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=237922"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237922\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=237922"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=237922"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=237922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}