{"id":215290,"date":"2023-04-24T13:32:03","date_gmt":"2023-04-24T13:32:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=215290"},"modified":"2023-04-24T13:32:03","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T13:32:03","slug":"analiza-bnr-romania-are-nevoie-de-reforme-serioase-in-economie-pentru-a-favoriza-cresterea-de-intarirea-productiei-de-tradables-de-schimbari-in-regimul-fiscal-cu-venituri-fiscale-de-26-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=215290","title":{"rendered":"Analiz\u0103 BNR: Rom\u00e2nia are nevoie de reforme serioase \u00een economie pentru a favoriza cre\u015fterea, de \u00eent\u0103rirea produc\u0163iei de tradables, de schimb\u0103ri \u00een regimul fiscal. \u201d Cu venituri fiscale de 26-27% din PIB, Rom\u00e2nia este lanterna ro\u015fie \u00een UE\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\nRom\u00e2nia are nevoie de reforme serioase \u00een economie pentru a favoriza cre\u015fterea, o economic\u0103 robust\u0103, \u00eent\u0103rirea premizelor pentru produc\u0163ia de tradables, fiind vorba, \u00eentre altele, de digitalizare, reforma regimului fiscal, cheltuieli publice mai eficiente, prioritizare de investi\u0163ii orientate c\u0103tre tradables \u015fi control riguros al realiz\u0103rii lor, se arat\u0103 \u00eentr-o analiz\u0103 realizat\u0103 de economi\u015fti BNR \u015fi coordonat\u0103 de Daniel D\u0103ianu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u00cen plus, raportul sus\u0163ine nevoia reformelor \u00een salarizare \u015fi crearea unui sistem de pensii echitabile, alocarea de resurse suplimentare pentru educa\u0163ie \u015fi s\u0103n\u0103tate, ceea ce presupune \u00eens\u0103 venituri bugetare mai mari.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u201dRom\u00e2nia poate reveni la deficite de cont curent de sub 5% din PIB, cu o finan\u0163are neproblematic\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2\u0163iva ani, dar avem nevoie de politici macroeconomice \u015fi structurale adecvate. Un deficit de cont curent de 6% din PIB poate fi mai avantajos dec\u00e2t unul de 4 % din PIB dac\u0103 este finan\u0163at \u00een totalitate de investi\u0163ii directe, \u00een timp ce cel de 4% este finan\u0163at exclusiv prin \u00eendatorare. Natura investitiiilor conteaz\u0103 de asemenea; una este s\u0103 investe\u015fti \u00een tradables, \u00een high-tech, \u015fi altceva \u00een mall-uri \u015fi zone reziden\u0163iale. Altfel spus, diavolul este \u00een detalii\u201d, se arat\u0103 \u00een raportul Final de pandemie \u015fi economii care rezist\u0103 la \u015focul R\u0103zboiului.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\nEconomi\u015ftii B\u0103ncii Na\u0163ionale atrag din nou aten\u0163i asupra deficitului bugetar structural mare, care s-a accentuat prin diminuarea veniturilor fiscal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u201dRegimul fiscal regresiv (cet\u0103\u0163enii cu venituri mici, sau modeste, pl\u0103tesc propor\u0163ional mai mult dec\u00e2t cei cu venituri mari), erori \u00een politic\u0103 fiscal\u0103, puzderia de except\u0103ri \u015fi \u201eporti\u0163e\u201d, au contribuit la accentuarea deficitului bugetar prin diminuarea veniturilor fiscale. Cu venituri fiscale de 26-27% din PIB (inclusiv contribu\u0163ii) Rom\u00e2nia este lanterna ro\u015fie \u00een UE\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\nO analiz\u0103 din 2022 a Consiliului Fiscal arat\u0103 c\u0103 revederea regimului fiscal ar putea aduce venituri fiscale suplimentare de peste 3% din PIB \u00een c\u00e2\u0163iva ani.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u201dDar mul\u0163i se complac \u00een ipocrizie; \u00ee\u015fi dau seama de aceast\u0103 situa\u0163ie (privind veniturile fiscale), dar precum \u00een Caragiale, au o atitudine de genul \u00abs\u0103 se schimbe, dar s\u0103 nu se modifice dec\u00e2t pe ici pe colo\u2026 prin p\u0103r\u0163i neesen\u0163iale\u00bb. Revederea regimului fiscal ar permite o diminuare a impozit\u0103rii muncii, care s\u0103 nu prejudicieze \u00eens\u0103 consolidarea bugetar\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/storage0.dms.mpinteractiv.ro\/media\/401\/341\/5531\/21823578\/2\/euro-monitor-editia-12-aprilie-2023.pdf\">Vede\u0163i aici raportul BNR integral<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u00cen acela\u015fi timp, venituri fiscale mai mari ar permite \u015fi o politic\u0103 care s\u0103 aib\u0103 \u00een vedere c\u0103 \u00eenclina\u0163ia spre consum a cet\u0103\u0163enilor cu resurse mici este considerabil mai \u00eenalt\u0103 dec\u00e2t a cet\u0103\u0163enilor cu venituri mari, ceea ce afecteaz\u0103 dinamica importurilor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u201dTrebuie comb\u0103tute cu for\u0163\u0103 institu\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi cu determinare politic\u0103 evaziunea fiscal\u0103 \u015fi \u00aboptimizarea fiscal\u00bb (tax avoidance). Nu trebuie cedat la presiuni interne \u015fi externe. S\u0103 sper\u0103m c\u0103 \u015fi institu\u0163iile europene vor fi mai decise \u00een aceast scop, \u00een general\u201d, se mai arat\u0103 \u00een analiza BNR.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\nO alt\u0103 problem structural semnalat\u0103 este &nbsp;subdezvoltarea industriei agroalimentare, \u00een condi\u0163iile \u00een care &nbsp;&nbsp;p\u0103m\u00e2ntul agricol reprezint\u0103 57% din suprafa\u0163\u0103 \u0163\u0103rii, iar deficitul extern al acestui sector este de 0,5-06% din PIB.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\nPotrivit economi\u015ftilor, Rom\u00e2nia are o subvalorificare a resurselor, materiilor prime interne, care se vede \u015fi \u00een faptul c\u0103 import\u0103 produse a c\u0103ror realizare include inputuri esen\u0163iale din Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u00cen plus, lipse\u015fte turismul de calitate care ar stimula \u201eexportul intern\u201d, iar cet\u0103\u0163enii rom\u00e2ni cheltuie miliarde de euro \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\u00cen acela\u015fi timp, politicile industriale care s\u0103 vizeze produc\u0163ia de tradables, cre\u015fterea valorii ad\u0103ugate (inclusiv \u00een domeniul agroalimetar) sunt \u201dfirave\u201d. Economia noastr\u0103 are \u015fi un caracter dual, caracteristic \u0163\u0103rilor mai pu\u0163in dezvoltate: sectoare importante sunt dominate de firme mari str\u0103ine \u015fi exist\u0103 multe companii cu capital autohton slabe. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n&nbsp;\u00cen ceea ce prive\u015fte procesul de convergen\u0163\u0103 nominal\u0103 al Rom\u00e2niei la euro, acesta a \u00eenregistrat noi devia\u0163ii \u00een ultimul trimestru al anului trecut, \u00een pofida stabilit\u0103\u0163ii cursului de schimb \u015fi reducerii u\u015foare a \u00eendator\u0103rii guvernamentale. Rom\u00e2nia a continuat s\u0103 se \u00eendep\u0103rteze de exigen\u0163ele ader\u0103rii la zona euro \u00een planul ratei dob\u00e2nzii pe termen lung \u015fi ratei infla\u0163iei, \u00eens\u0103 marginal. Totodat\u0103, procesul de consolidare bugetar\u0103 a \u00eencetinit, \u00eens\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a fi afectat\u0103 respectarea \u0163intei asumate pentru anul 2022.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rom\u00e2nia are nevoie de reforme serioase \u00een economie pentru a favoriza cre\u015fterea, o economic\u0103 robust\u0103, \u00eent\u0103rirea premizelor pentru produc\u0163ia de tradables, fiind vorba, \u00eentre altele, de digitalizare, reforma regimului fiscal, cheltuieli publice mai eficiente, prioritizare de investi\u0163ii orientate c\u0103tre tradables \u015fi control riguros al realiz\u0103rii lor, se arat\u0103 \u00eentr-o analiz\u0103 realizat\u0103 de economi\u015fti BNR \u015fi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[246,7931,98,6909],"class_list":["post-215290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-crestere","tag-pib","tag-romania","tag-venituri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=215290"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215290\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=215290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=215290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=215290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}