\n\u015ecolile profesionale din Rom\u00e2nia au avut \u00een anul \u015fcolar 2020-2021 un total de 25.000 de absolven\u0163i, adic\u0103 17% din cei peste 144.000 de absolven\u0163i de liceu, po\u00adtrivit INS, \u00een condi\u0163iile \u00een care \u00eenainte de Revolu\u0163ie aceas\u00adt\u0103 form\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt avea anual circa 200.000 elevi, arat\u0103 o analiz\u0103 realizat\u0103 de Bookland.<\/p>\n
\nDin cei peste 110.000 de elevi admi\u015fi \u00een \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103\u00adm\u00e2n\u00adtul liceal (anul \u015fcolar 2022-2023), peste 44.000 au fost repartiza\u0163i la licee teh\u00adnologice, \u00eens\u0103 pu\u0163in peste 18.000 de elevi au op\u00adtat pentru rute de \u015fco\u00adla\u00adrizare \u00een \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional, astfel r\u0103m\u00e2\u00adn\u00e2nd libere 23.000 de lo\u00adcuri (din cele 41.000 pre\u00adv\u0103zute).<\/p>\n
\nAnaliza arat\u0103 c\u0103 doar 28 de jude\u0163e au \u015fcoli pro\u00adfe\u00adsionale \u015fi licee teh\u00adnolo\u00adgice, respectiv 58 de \u015fcoli \u00een care exist\u0103 400 de clase dua\u00adle, acestea av\u00e2nd 19 cer\u00ad\u00adtific\u0103ri. Anul trecut peste jum\u0103tate dintre absolven\u0163ii cer\u00adtifica\u0163i au r\u0103mas angaja\u0163i \u00een companiile cu care au semnat contractul de munc\u0103 la \u00eenceput.<\/p>\n
\nSitua\u0163ia din Rom\u00e2nia este departe de poten\u0163ialul acesti forme de \u015fcolarizare \u015fi de nevoile de pe pia\u0163a muncii, unde tot mai multe companii au dificult\u0103\u0163i \u00een a g\u0103si anumite tipuri de muncitori.<\/p>\n
\nComparativ, \u00een Germania, \u0163ara care investe\u015fte masiv \u00een sistemul dual de formare profesional\u0103, sunt peste 330 specializ\u0103ri, rata de angajare a absolven\u0163ilor e de 90% \u015fi 500.000 persoane ob\u0163in anual certificatul de competen\u0163e profesionale, 400.000 de companii fiind implicate \u00een proces.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen Elve\u0163ia, 4 din 5 locuri de ucenicie sunt oferite de IMM-uri, cele mai c\u0103utate meserii fiind angajat comercial, lucr\u0103tor socio-medical\/asisten\u0163ial, informatician, electrician, angajat \u00een logistic\u0103, buc\u0103tar, muncitor necalificat \u00een industria confec\u0163iilor. \u00cen Austria exist\u0103 \u015fi programe de 13 luni pentru orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, nu doar pentru absolven\u0163ii de gimnaziu. Iar \u00een Bulgaria sunt 159 \u015fcoli cu clase duale \u015fi 654 companii implicate (\u00een compara\u0163ie cu Rom\u00e2nia, unde doar 200 firme au semnat astfel de parteneriate p\u00e2n\u0103 acum).<\/p>\n
\nDup\u0103 anii 1990 meseriile existente la acea vreme s-au \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163it \u00een 20 grupuri, ap\u0103r\u00e2nd \u015fi prima lege care stabilea durata studiilor \u00een \u015fcolile profesionale la 2 sau 3 ani.<\/p>\n
\nLa \u00eenceputul anilor 2000, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia se introduc \u015ecolile de Arte \u015fi Meserii drept form\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt secundar cu durata de 2 ani accesibil\u0103 absolven\u0163ilor de clasa a 8-a. La final, elevul putea opta s\u0103-\u015fi continue liceul la zi, \u00een loc de seral. Din p\u0103cate la finalul anilor 2000, ministrul Educa\u0163iei, Ecaterina Andronescu, aceea\u015fi care le-a introdus, le-a \u015fi desfiin\u0163at.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen 2016 a ap\u0103rut cadrul legislativ pentru \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional dual, provocarea de a convinge companiile s\u0103 contribuie financiar la formarea viitorilor angaja\u0163i c\u0103z\u00e2nd exclusiv pe umerii liceelor tehnologice.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen 2019 un alt ministru a semnat un ordin prin care \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional a devenit obligatoriu pentru elevii care ob\u0163in sub media 5 la Evaluarea Na\u0163ional\u0103 din 2020, ace\u015ftia nemaiav\u00e2nd dreptul s\u0103 se \u00eenscrie la liceu.<\/p>\n
\nSistemul de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt este denumit \u00c7dual\u00c8 deoarece combin\u0103 ucenicia \u00eentr-o companie cu \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional \u00eentr-o \u015fcoal\u0103 profesional\u0103 \/ un liceu tehnologic. Aceast\u0103 form\u0103 de organizare a \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntului profesional & tehnic are la baz\u0103 un contract de parteneriat \u00eentre operatorul economic, unitatea de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi unitatea administrativ-teritorial\u0103, precum \u015fi contracte individuale de preg\u0103tire practic\u0103 \u00eentre operatorul economic, elev -p\u0103rinte\/tutore \u015fi unitatea de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt.<\/p>\n
\nInstitu\u0163ia educa\u0163ional\u0103 asigur\u0103 formarea teoretic\u0103 tehnic\u0103 (1-2 zile de studiu pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103), iar angajatorul ofer\u0103 resursele umane \u015fi financiare (inclusiv burs\u0103) pentru a organiza formarea practic\u0103 la locul de munc\u0103 (3-4 zile pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103).<\/p>\n
\nDac\u0103 \u00een primul an preg\u0103tirea practic\u0103 realizat\u0103 \u00een atelierele \u015fcolii \u015fi la operatorul economic reprezint\u0103 aproximativ 20% din timpul total alocat programului, \u00een al doilea an aproximativ 60% din timp este alocat preg\u0103tirii practice, ca \u00een anul al treilea, aproximativ 72% din timp s\u0103 fie alocat preg\u0103tirii practice. Iar cine dore\u015fte s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi continue studiile, f\u0103c\u00e2nd cel de-al 4-lea an de liceu, d\u0103 Bacalaureatul care-i va certifica competen\u0163ele de baz\u0103 \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103.<\/p>\n
\n\u201eDe anul acesta s-a f\u0103cut un pas \u00een fa\u0163\u0103 pentru ruta dual\u0103 complet\u0103, guvernul valid\u00e2nd \u015fi \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul universitar dual, invit\u00e2nd institu\u0163iile de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt pre \u015fi universitar duale s\u0103 se \u00eenscrie \u00d0 al\u0103turi de UAT \u015fi operatori economici \u00d0 \u00een consor\u0163ii pentru a accesa fonduri guvernamentale \u015fi a dezvolta \u00eempreun\u0103 campusuri profesionale integrate. Filiera profesional\u0103 universitar\u0103 va avea 4 profiluri: tehnic, servicii, resurse naturale \u015fi protec\u0163ia mediului\u201c, arat\u0103 analiza.<\/p>\n
\nCele mai interesate industrii de sistemul dual sunt auto & mecatronic\u0103, aeronautic\u0103, agroalimentar, silvicultur\u0103-prelucrarea lemnului-industria lemnului, industria u\u015foar\u0103, sectorul IT & industriile creative, s\u0103n\u0103tate \u015fi turism.<\/p>\n
\nPrin programul \u201eRenovare \u015fcoli \u00een mediul rural\u201c, \u00een 2020-2022, Asocia\u0163ia BookLand a renovat \u015fi dotat 67 de institu\u0163ii de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt din zona rural\u0103.<\/p>\n
\n\u201eAcum 3 ani, c\u00e2nd am \u00eenceput s\u0103 renov\u0103m \u015fcoli \u00een mediul rural, nimeni nu ne d\u0103dea nicio \u015fans\u0103. Companiile ne priveau cu suspiciune \u015fi a\u015fteptau s\u0103 vad\u0103 primele rezultate \u00eenainte de a se implica. Am st\u0103ruit, am convins, am \u00eenceput s\u0103 facem rost de primele materiale de construc\u0163ii \u015fi primii b\u0103nu\u0163i pentru plata manoperei \u015fi, u\u015for-u\u015for, am ajuns la 67 de \u015fcoli \u00een aproape toat\u0103 \u0163ara. \u00cen 2023 vom renova \u00eenc\u0103 minimum 8 \u015fcoli \u00een ultimele jude\u0163e r\u0103mase neacoperite. Un vis la fel de nebun poate p\u0103rea \u015fi primul Campus Preuniversitar Dual din mediul rural pe care vrem s\u0103-l inaugur\u0103m \u00een 2024, \u00eens\u0103, \u015ftim c\u0103 acolo unde este voin\u0163\u0103 se g\u0103se\u015fte \u015fi o cale\u201c, a spus Mihaela Petrovan, Pre\u015fedinta Asocia\u0163iei BookLand .<\/p>\n
\nBugetul Ministerului Educa\u0163iei pentru anul 2023 va fi de 32,5 miliarde de lei, potrivit proiectului legii bugetului de stat pentru anul viitor, respectiv 3,2% din PIB potrivit ministrului Ligia Deca.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u015ecolile profesionale din Rom\u00e2nia au avut \u00een anul \u015fcolar 2020-2021 un total de 25.000 de absolven\u0163i, adic\u0103 17% din cei peste 144.000 de absolven\u0163i de liceu, po\u00adtrivit INS, \u00een condi\u0163iile \u00een care \u00eenainte de Revolu\u0163ie aceas\u00adt\u0103 form\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt avea anual circa 200.000 elevi, arat\u0103 o analiz\u0103 realizat\u0103 de Bookland.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[10254,15905,7367,8872,53540,53541,34790],"class_list":["post-211334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-absolventi","tag-elevi","tag-forta-de-munca","tag-invatamant","tag-licee-tehnologice","tag-scoli-duale","tag-scoli-profesionale"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=211334"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211334\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=211334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=211334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=211334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}