\n“Mai bine s\u0103 fac\u0103 ma\u015fini dec\u00e2t s\u0103 prezic\u0103 evolu\u0163ia popula\u0163iei”, a r\u0103spuns, potrivit CNN, Joseph Chamie, demograf, autor al mai multor c\u0103r\u0163i despre problemele popula\u0163iei: “Da, \u00een unele \u0163\u0103ri, popula\u0163ia lor este \u00een declin, dar pentru \u00eentreaga lume nu este cazul”.<\/p>\n
\nConform estim\u0103rilor Organiza\u0163iei Na\u0163iunilor Unite, popula\u0163ia lumii va ajunge la 8 miliarde de locuitori p\u00e2n\u0103 la jum\u0103tatea lunii noiembrie a acestui an. ONU preconizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 popula\u0163ia global\u0103 ar putea ajunge la aproximativ 8,5 miliarde \u00een doar 8 ani.<\/p>\n
\nP\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2080, se a\u015fteapt\u0103 ca popula\u0163ia mondial\u0103 s\u0103 ating\u0103 un v\u00e2rf de 10,4 miliarde. Apoi, exist\u0103 50% \u015fanse ca popula\u0163ia s\u0103 se stabilizeze sau s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 s\u0103 scad\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2100.<\/p>\n
\nCeea ce determin\u0103 cre\u015fterea actual\u0103 a popula\u0163iei nu este o rat\u0103 mai mare a natalit\u0103\u0163ii, ci faptul c\u0103 mai pu\u0163ini oameni mor de tineri. Speran\u0163a de via\u0163\u0103 la nivel mondial a fost de 72,8 ani \u00een 2019, o cre\u015ftere de 9 ani din 1990. Se a\u015fteapt\u0103 ca aceasta s\u0103 creasc\u0103 la 77,2 ani p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050.<\/p>\n
\nLa nivel mondial, rata de fertilitate nu s-a “pr\u0103bu\u015fit” \u015fi nici nu ar trebui s\u0103 se pr\u0103bu\u015feasc\u0103, potrivit ONU, dar a sc\u0103zut semnificativ. \u00cen 1950, femeile aveau de obicei 5 na\u015fteri fiecare, la nivel global, anul trecut, a fost de 2,3 na\u015fteri.<\/p>\n
\nP\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050, ONU preconizeaz\u0103 o nou\u0103 sc\u0103dere la nivel mondial, p\u00e2n\u0103 la 2,1 na\u015fteri pe femeie.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen unele \u0163\u0103ri, acest procent este mai mic. \u00cen SUA, \u00een anii 1950, era de 3,6 na\u015fteri pe femeie, a sc\u0103zut la 1,6 \u00een 2020, potrivit B\u0103ncii Mondiale. \u00cen Italia, a fost de 1,2; \u00een Japonia, de 1,3; \u00een China, de 1,2.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen ceea ce prive\u015fte cre\u015fterea popula\u0163iei, secolul XX a fost o anomalie.<\/p>\n
\n“Acel secol a fost cel mai impresionant secol demografic din toate timpurile. A avut mai multe medalii de aur dec\u00e2t toate celelalte secole”, a spus Chamie.<\/p>\n
\nPopula\u0163ia uman\u0103 aproape s-a cvadruplat, ceea ce nu se mai \u00eent\u00e2mplase niciodat\u0103 \u00een istoria \u00eenregistrat\u0103. Acest lucru s-a datorat \u00een mare parte \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163irii s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii publice.<\/p>\n
\nDatorit\u0103 antibioticelor, vaccinurilor, programelor de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103 \u015fi \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163irii condi\u0163iilor sanitare, oamenii tr\u0103iesc mai mult \u015fi mai multe mame \u015fi copii supravie\u0163uiesc la na\u015ftere.<\/p>\n
\nCu ajutorul contracep\u0163iei, \u00een special \u00een 1964, c\u00e2nd pilula oral\u0103 a fost introdus\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een SUA, cuplurile sunt acum mai \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 mai bine c\u00e2nd \u015fi c\u00e2\u0163i copii s\u0103 aib\u0103.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen 2020, rata de cre\u015ftere a popula\u0163iei mondiale a sc\u0103zut sub 1% pentru prima dat\u0103 din 1950.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Miliardarul Elon Musk a scris pe Twitter, nu pentru prima dat\u0103, c\u0103 “pr\u0103bu\u015firea popula\u0163iei din cauza ratei sc\u0103zute a natalit\u0103\u0163ii este un risc mult mai mare pentru civiliza\u0163ie dec\u00e2t \u00eenc\u0103lzirea global\u0103”. Un demograf \u00eei r\u0103spunde: s\u0103 se ocupe mai bine de ma\u015fini.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[20561,31931],"class_list":["post-207770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-demografie","tag-elon-musk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/207770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=207770"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/207770\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=207770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=207770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=207770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}