{"id":201837,"date":"2022-02-26T18:59:31","date_gmt":"2022-02-26T18:59:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=201837"},"modified":"2022-02-26T18:59:31","modified_gmt":"2022-02-26T18:59:31","slug":"ce-este-sistemul-international-de-plati-swift-si-de-ce-ucraina-cere-imperativ-tarilor-occidentale-deconectarea-rusiei-de-la-swift-practic-rusilor-li-s-ar-taia-accesul-la-banii-si-fluxurile-financiare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=201837","title":{"rendered":"Ce este sistemul interna\u0163ional de pl\u0103\u0163i SWIFT \u015fi de ce Ucraina cere imperativ \u0163\u0103rilor occidentale deconectarea Rusiei de la SWIFT? Practic ru\u015filor li s-ar t\u0103ia accesul la banii \u015fi fluxurile financiare externe, practic nu ar mai putea \u00eencasa sau face pl\u0103\u0163i. Ce spune BNR \u015fi Dan Pascariu care a fost 30 de ani pre\u015fedinte al mai multor b\u0103nci"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\nDeconectarea Rusiei de la sistemul interna\u0163ional de pl\u0103\u0163i SWIFT, folosit de b\u0103ncile din \u00eentreaga lumea, \u00eenseamn\u0103 practic t\u0103ierea accesului la fluxurile externe din \u00eencas\u0103ri si pl\u0103ti si la tranzac\u0163iile care deriv\u0103 din acest lucru. Pur \u015fi simplu b\u0103ncile din Rusia sunt izolate de sistemul financiar global, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 firmele, dar \u015fi persoanele fizice nu ar mai avea acces, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, la banii din b\u0103ncile din str\u0103in\u0103tate, iar tranzac\u0163iile comerciale nu ar mai putea fi onorate \u015fi decontate.<\/p>\n<p>\nDan Suciu, directorul de comunicare al BNR spune: Deconectarea Rusiei de la SWIFT \u00eenseamn\u0103 practic ca orice tranzac\u0163ie electronic\u0103, in special cu exteriorul nu va putea fi efectuat\u0103. Sistemul lor bancar ar fi deconectat de la sistem bancar interna\u0163ional.<\/p>\n<p>\nSistemul SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) a ap\u0103rut \u00een 1973 \u015fi este folosit de peste 11.000 de b\u0103nci din \u00eentreaga lume din peste 200 de \u0163\u0103ri. SWIFT este intermediarul \u015fi executorul tranzac\u0163iilor financiare mondiale dintre b\u0103ncile lumii. Este o platform\u0103 de transfer de ordine de plat\u0103 de c\u0103tre b\u0103nci, \u00een numele clien\u0163ilor care ulterior trebuie decontate \u00eentre b\u0103ncile corespondente. SWIFT are sediul l\u00e2ng\u0103 Bruxelles.<\/p>\n<p>\nFiecare banc\u0103 membr\u0103 are un cod unic prin care acces la acest sistem interna\u0163ional de pl\u0103\u0163i prin care se primesc si se transfer\u0103 ordinele de plat\u0103 ale clien\u0163ilor \u015fi ale b\u0103ncilor. O firm\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia dac\u0103 are de f\u0103cut o plat\u0103 extern\u0103 d\u0103 ordin b\u0103ncii din \u0163ar\u0103 s\u0103-i fac\u0103 transferul, iar banca trimite ordinul prin SWIFT c\u0103tre banca extern\u0103 unde furnizorul companiei din Rom\u00e2nia are contul deschis. Practic este o rela\u0163ie \u00eentre b\u0103nci, pentru c\u0103 o firm\u0103 nu poate s\u0103 fac\u0103 o plat\u0103 extern\u0103 \u015fi chiar intern\u0103 de una singur\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nDan Pascariu, fostul pre\u015fedinte al UniCredit Bank spune c\u0103 dac\u0103 Rusia, adic\u0103 b\u0103ncilor de acolo li se va interzice accesul la SWIFT, clien\u0163ii nu vor mai putea s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 bani din afar\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 fac\u0103 pl\u0103\u0163i c\u0103tre afar\u0103, deci practic activitatea financiar\u0103 este blocat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 persoanele fizice ar mai putea avea acces la pl\u0103\u0163i prin Revolut sau Wise, dar nu \u015ftiu pentru c\u00e2t timp, companiile din Rusia \u015fi clien\u0163ii b\u0103ncilor ruse\u015fti vor fi deconecta\u0163i de la sistemul global de pl\u0103\u0163i.<\/p>\n<p>\nB\u0103ncile din Rom\u00e2nia au avut acces la SWIFT din 1991, iar \u00eenainte de aceast\u0103 dat\u0103 pl\u0103\u0163ile externe se f\u0103ceau prin Bancorex.<\/p>\n<p>\nUcraina a cerut imperativ puterilor occidentale s\u0103 taie accesul Rusiei la SWIFT, ceea ce ar \u00eensemna o paralizare a pl\u0103\u0163ilor externe. Germania, Italia, Cipru, Ungaria s-ar fi opus ini\u0163ial, conform presei interna\u0163ionale, dar p\u00e2n\u0103 la aceast\u0103 or\u0103 Italia a spus c\u0103 va vota pentru deconectarea Rusiei de la SWIFT \u015fi la fel a f\u0103cut \u015fi Ungaria.<\/p>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 nu se g\u0103se\u015fte o alt\u0103 variant\u0103 de transfer, Germania nu va putea s\u0103-\u015fi pl\u0103teasc\u0103 gazul \u015fi Gazprom s\u0103-\u015fi primeasc\u0103 banii, dec\u00e2t dac\u0103 ar fi folosite alte modalit\u0103\u0163i de plat\u0103, a\u015fa cum erau folosite \u00een perioada comunist\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nUcraina a cerut \u015fi t\u0103ierea accesului b\u0103nci Rusiei, adic\u0103 banca na\u0163ional\u0103, de la SWIFT dar p\u00e2n\u0103 acum lumea occidental\u0103 nu a luat o hot\u0103r\u00e2re \u00een acest sens.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u00cen interiorul \u0163\u0103rii, Rusia are un sistem propriu de decontare al tranzac\u0163iilor.<\/p>\n<p>\nChina opereaz\u0103 opereaz\u0103 printr-un sistem propriu, iar b\u0103ncile chineze tot trebuie s\u0103 apeleze la SWIFT pentru transferurile interna\u0163ionale<\/p>\n<p>\nRusia \u015fi companiile ruse\u015fti au mii de miliarde \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate, iar impunerea sanc\u0163iunilor economice, printre care \u015fi deconectarea de SWIFT, ar face practic imposibil accesul la ace\u015fti bani. Cei mai mul\u0163i bani sunt electronici \u015fi mai pu\u0163in cash.<\/p>\n<p>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Deconectarea Rusiei de la sistemul interna\u0163ional de pl\u0103\u0163i SWIFT, folosit de b\u0103ncile din \u00eentreaga lumea, \u00eenseamn\u0103 practic t\u0103ierea accesului la fluxurile externe din \u00eencas\u0103ri si pl\u0103ti si la tranzac\u0163iile care deriv\u0103 din acest lucru. Pur \u015fi simplu b\u0103ncile din Rusia sunt izolate de sistemul financiar global, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 firmele, dar \u015fi persoanele fizice [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[238,7267,93,80,365],"class_list":["post-201837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-acces","tag-banci","tag-plati","tag-refuz","tag-rusia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=201837"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201837\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=201837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=201837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=201837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}