{"id":175822,"date":"2019-09-20T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-20T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=175822"},"modified":"2019-09-20T15:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-09-20T15:00:00","slug":"povestea-incredibila-a-pura-nacional-arborele-de-cacao-disparut-mai-bine-de-200-de-ani-din-care-se-face-cea-mai-buna-ciocolata-cum-a-fost-redescoperit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=175822","title":{"rendered":"Povestea incredibil\u0103 a Pura Nacional, arborele de cacao disp\u0103rut mai bine de 200 de ani din care se face cea mai bun\u0103 ciocolat\u0103. Cum a fost redescoperit"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\nAcest arbore de cacao str\u0103vechi \u00ee\u015fi are originea \u00een jungla amazonian\u0103 \u015fi de\u0163ine distinc\u0163ia de a fi cel mai vechi \u015fi mai rar soi; existen\u0163a sa dateaz\u0103 de cel pu\u0163in 5.300 de ani. \u00centre secolele al XVII-lea \u015fi al XIX-lea, arborele Pura Nacional a fost cultivat pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een Ecuador, unde a ajutat la alimentarea a ceea ce era atunci cea mai mare produc\u0163ie de cacao din lume, scriu cei de la BBC.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\nDezastrul a lovit \u00eens\u0103 cur\u00e2nd: o ciuperc\u0103 s-a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit \u00een p\u0103durile de cacao din Ecuador, decim\u00e2nd arborele Pura Nacional. Prin cre\u015fterea \u00eencruci\u015fat\u0103 cu soiuri de cacao mai dure, fermierii au reu\u015fit s\u0103 opreasc\u0103 \u00een cele din urm\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea bolii, dar noii copaci cu ras\u0103 \u00eencruci\u015fat\u0103 nu mai produceau acela\u015fi tip de cacao de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\nP\u00e2n\u0103 la \u00eenceputul secolului XX, exper\u0163ii au declarat c\u0103 arborele Pura Nacional a disp\u0103rut \u015fi se credea c\u0103 fructul s\u0103u s-a pierdut pentru totdeauna.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\u00cen 2007, doi americani care furnizau echipamente \u015fi hran\u0103 companiilor miniere din jurul Canyonului Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, \u00een nordul Peruului, au dat peste un copac cu aspect ciudat; crez\u00e2nd c\u0103 au descoperit o nou\u0103 specie, Pearson \u015fi Horsley au trimis mai multe probe la Departamentul de Agricultur\u0103 din Statele Unite (USDA) pentru a ob\u0163ine c\u00e2teva r\u0103spunsuri. Spre uimirea tuturor, s-a dovedit c\u0103 probele apar\u0163ineau arborelui Pura Nacional.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\nG\u0103sirea acestor copaci a fost \u00eenceputul c\u0103l\u0103toriei pentru Pearson \u015fi Horsley \u00een lumea ciocolatei. Folosind r\u0103saduri din ceea ce ei numesc acum \u201ecopacul-mam\u0103\u201d, cei doi b\u0103rba\u0163i au fondat Ciocolata Mara\u00f1\u00f3n \u015fi au \u00eenceput s\u0103 cultive Pura Nacional. Lucr\u00e2nd cu fermierii din Peru, Pearson \u015fi Horsley au \u00eenv\u0103\u0163at cum s\u0103 aib\u0103 grij\u0103 de copacii din pepiniera lor \u015fi cum s\u0103 fermenteze \u015fi s\u0103 usuce p\u0103st\u0103ile de cacao dup\u0103 ce au fost recoltate.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\nPearson a c\u0103l\u0103torit apoi \u00een Elve\u0163ia pentru a afla cum poate transforma boabele \u00een ciocolat\u0103. Acest ciocolatier, pe care Pearson a preferat s\u0103 nu-l numeasc\u0103, i-a fost recomandat de Franz Ziegler, un premiat autor \u015fi renumit buc\u0103tar de patiserie, \u015fi de colegul s\u0103u Paul Edwards, de la Chef Rubber, o companie de aprovizionare culinar\u0103.<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\nAst\u0103zi, Pearson \u015fi Horsley continu\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi cultive copacii Pura Nacional \u015fi s\u0103 recolteze boabele de cacao conform tradi\u0163iei locale &#8211; un proces la care vizitatorii pot fi martori \u00eentre mijlocul lunii ianuarie \u015fi \u00eenceputul lunii iunie. \u00cen timpul sezonului de recoltare, peste 400 de fermieri care furnizeaz\u0103 se ridic\u0103 \u00een zori, pentru a t\u0103ia p\u0103st\u0103ile din copaci; ulterior, Pearson sau Horsley le achizi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 de la fermieri la fa\u0163a locului, pl\u0103tind cu aproape 50% peste pre\u0163ul pie\u0163ei locale pentru sus\u0163inerea fermierilor.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arborele ce a stat c\u00e2ndva \u00een centrul industriei ciocolatei din America de Sud a fost redescoperit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[5828,8297,13077,474,8932],"class_list":["post-175822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-america","tag-ciocolata","tag-disparitie","tag-industrie","tag-poveste"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=175822"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175822\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=175822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=175822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=175822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}