\nPrima re\u0163ea na\u0163ional\u0103 de date a fost construit\u0103 \u00een Fran\u0163a \u00een anii 1790. Aceast\u0103 re\u0163ea era un sistem telegrafic mecanic, alc\u0103tuit din lan\u0163uri de turnuri, fiecare av\u00e2nd un sistem de bra\u0163e de lemn mobile. Diferite configura\u0163ii ale acestor bra\u0163e corespondeau anumitor litere, numere. Operatorii din fiecare turn ajustau bra\u0163ele pentru a se potrivi cu configura\u0163ia turnului apropiat (era folosit un telescop pentru asta). Astlfe se crea o secven\u0163\u0103 de caractere. Mesajele puteai fi trimise mult mai repede dec\u00e2t scrisorile \u015fi re\u0163eaua era rezervat\u0103 doar autorit\u0103\u0163ilor, scrie The Economist.<\/p>\n
\n\u00cen 1834, doi bancheri, Francois \u015fi Joseph Blanc, au g\u0103sit o modalitate de a folosi re\u0163eaua pentru propriul c\u00e2\u015ftig.<\/p>\n
\nFra\u0163ii Blanc tranzac\u0163ionau obliga\u0163iuni de stat la bursa din Bordeaux unde informa\u0163iile despre pia\u0163\u0103 ajungeau \u00een c\u00e2teva zile de la Paris. Drept urmare, cei care aveau acces la informa\u0163ii mai repede puteau c\u00e2\u015ftiga bani anticip\u00e2nd mi\u015fc\u0103rile pie\u0163ei. Fran\u0163ii Blanc au mituit un operator din ora\u015ful Tours pentru a introduce deliberat gre\u015feli \u00een mesaje.<\/p>\n
\nSistemul de codificare al mesajelor con\u0163inea un simbol “backspace” care \u00eei spunea scribului s\u0103 ignore semnul anterior. Cei doi au exploatat asta prin ad\u0103ugarea unui caracter fals, care indica direc\u0163ia pie\u0163ei din ziua precedent\u0103. Acel caracter, urmat de un backspace, nu era luat \u00een considerare la destinatarul final al mesajului. Un alt complice al fra\u0163ilor Blanc observa acel caracter \u015fi transmitea informa\u0163ia c\u0103tre cei doi. Totul a fost descoperit \u00een 1836 dup\u0103 ce acel operator s-a \u00eemboln\u0103vit \u015fi l-a rugat pe altcineva s\u0103-i \u0163in\u0103 locul, m\u0103rturisindu-i ce avea de f\u0103cut.<\/p>\n
\nFra\u0163ii Blanc au fost judeca\u0163i, dar nu \u015fi condamna\u0163i deoarece nu exista nicio lege \u00eempotriva utiliz\u0103ri abuzive a re\u0163elelor de date. Abuzul celor doi este considerat ca fiind primul atac cibernetic din lume.
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sute de mii de terminale din companii \u015fi institu\u0163ii publice din \u00eentreaga lume au fost lovite \u00een luna mai a anului trecut de amenin\u0163area WannaCry, paraliz\u00e2nd astfel activitatea a mai multor companii. Atacul a f\u0103cut \u00eenconjurul lumii \u015fi au \u00eenceput discu\u0163ii pe tema securit\u0103\u0163ii cibernetice. Totu\u015fi, primul atac nu a avut loc \u00een urm\u0103 cu c\u00e2\u0163iva zeci de ani, ci tocmai \u00een 1843<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[571],"tags":[332,211,10653,4124,32507,201,7909,274,76,242,32991,80],"class_list":["post-158997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-business-hi-tech","tag-activitate","tag-amenintare","tag-atac","tag-bancheri","tag-cibernetic","tag-companii","tag-franta","tag-incepere","tag-institutii","tag-istorie","tag-realizare","tag-refuz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158997","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=158997"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158997\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=158997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=158997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=158997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}