{"id":135299,"date":"2016-07-17T03:40:00","date_gmt":"2016-07-17T03:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=135299"},"modified":"2016-07-17T03:40:00","modified_gmt":"2016-07-17T03:40:00","slug":"de-la-ataturk-la-erdogan-tot-ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-istoria-moderna-a-turciei-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=135299","title":{"rendered":"De la Ataturk la Erdogan. Tot ce trebuie s\u0103 \u015ftii despre istoria modern\u0103 a Turciei"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n1923 &#8211; Mustafa Kemal Ataturk a instaurat&nbsp;Republica modern\u0103 Turcia&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n1946 &#8211; Se \u0163in primele alegeri democratice<\/p>\n<p>\n1950 &#8211; Partidul lui Ataturk pierde alegerile \u00een dauna partidului democratic al lui Adnan Menderes<\/p>\n<p>\n1960 &#8211; Lovitur\u0103 de stat organizat\u0103 de armat\u0103. Menderes este judecat \u015fi executat \u00een 1961. Puterea revine oamenilor<\/p>\n<p>\n1971 &#8211; Situa\u0163ia din Turcia era tulbure. Armata d\u0103 o nou\u0103 lovitur\u0103 de stat \u015fi se impune legea mar\u0163ial\u0103 timp de 2 ani. Partidul lui Ataturk revine la putere \u00een 1973.<\/p>\n<p>\n1980 &#8211; Cea mai s\u00e2ngeroas\u0103 lovitur\u0103 de stat din istorie: sute de mor\u0163i, 50 de execu\u0163ii \u015fi au loc peste 500.000 de arest\u0103ri. Armata renun\u0163a la putere \u00een 1983, dar Generalul Evren r\u0103m\u00e2ne pre\u015fedinte p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1989. Constitu\u0163ia scris\u0103 de armat\u0103 \u00een 1982 este valabil\u0103 \u015fi ast\u0103zi, cu amendamente.<\/p>\n<p>\n1994 &#8211; Recep Tayyip Erdogan este ales primar al Istanbulului cu &nbsp;25% din voturi<\/p>\n<p>\n1996 &#8211; \u015eeful partidului islamist, Necmettin Erbakan, din care f\u0103cea parte si Edogan, devine prim-ministrul Turciei, fiind primul premier islamist al \u0163\u0103rii<\/p>\n<p>\n1997 &#8211; O alt\u0103 lovitur\u0103 de stat. Armata \u00eel \u00eendep\u0103rteaz\u0103 pe Necmettin Erbakan de la putere.<\/p>\n<p>\n1999 &#8211; Erdogan este \u00eenchis pentru patru luni de zile pentru incitare la islamism, fiind acuzat c\u0103 aduce atingere secularismului.<\/p>\n<p>\n2002 &#8211; Erdogan a \u00eenfiin\u0163at \u00een anul 2002&nbsp; partidul AKP, \u015fi a c\u00e2\u015ftigat alegerile. Erdogan \u015fi-a proclamat atunci public ruptura cu trecutul s\u0103u islamist, spun\u00e2nd c\u0103 noul partid nu are la baz\u0103 religia.<\/p>\n<p>\n2003- Erdogan devine prim-ministru.<\/p>\n<p>\n2007 &#8211; Recep Tayyip Erdogan convoaca alegeri anticipate, dupa ce opozitia, justitia \u015fi armata \u00ee\u015fi unesc for\u0163ele pentru a opri alegerea aliatului s\u0103u Abdullah Gul \u00een func\u0163ia de pre\u015fedinte. C\u00e2\u015ftiga 47% din voturi, iar Parlamentul \u00eel alege pe Gul pre\u015fedinte.<\/p>\n<p>\n2008-2010: Zeci de ofi\u0163eri din armat\u0103 sunt \u00eenchi\u015fi \u00een urma unor procese pornite de membrii unei mi\u015fc\u0103ri islamiste &#8220;guleniste&#8221; (Gulen), care pe vremea aceea erau alia\u0163ii lui Erdogan.<\/p>\n<p>\n2011: Erdogan ob\u0163ine cel de-al treilea mandat cu 50% din voturi.<\/p>\n<p>\n2013: Are loc o ruptur\u0103 \u00eenbtre Erdogan \u015fi mi\u015fcarea Gulen c\u00e2nd procurorii \u00eencep s\u0103 ancheteze oamenii din cercul lui Erdogan. Zeci dintre cei mai apropia\u0163i alia\u0163i ai premierului Erdogan sunt re\u0163inuti. Politicienii re\u0163inuti resping acuza\u0163iile. Drept r\u0103spuns, Erdogan realizeaz\u0103 o remaniere a Cabinetului.<\/p>\n<p>\n2014: Erdogan devine primul pre\u015fedinte al Turciei ales direct de popor cu 52% dintre voturi. Ofi\u0163erii \u015fi politicenii ce au fost \u00eenchi\u015fi \u00een 2013 sunt elibera\u0163i.<\/p>\n<p>\n2015 &#8211; Partidul lui Erdogan, AKP, pierde apoi rec\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103 majoritatea parlamentar\u0103. ISIS \u015fi militan\u0163ii kurzi sunt acuza\u0163i de atacurile teroriste<\/p>\n<p>\n2016 &#8211; Violen\u0163ele continu\u0103. Turcia este \u00eens\u00e2ngerat\u0103 de un grav atac terorist. Trei b\u0103rba\u0163i au deschis focul, cu pistoale mitralier\u0103, apoi s-au aruncat \u00een aer pe aeroportul Ataturk, din Istanbul. Zeci de persoane au murit \u015fi sute au fosr r\u0103nite.<\/p>\n<p>\niulie 2016 &#8211; Lovitur\u0103 de stat e\u015fuat\u0103 \u00een Turcia, soldat\u0103 cu cel pu\u0163in 60 de mor\u0163i \u015fi sute de aresta\u0163i. \u015eeful Statului Major al armatei a fost \u00eenlocuit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1923 &#8211; Mustafa Kemal Ataturk a instaurat&nbsp;Republica modern\u0103 Turcia&nbsp; 1946 &#8211; Se \u0163in primele alegeri democratice 1950 &#8211; Partidul lui Ataturk pierde alegerile \u00een dauna partidului democratic al lui Adnan Menderes 1960 &#8211; Lovitur\u0103 de stat organizat\u0103 de armat\u0103. Menderes este judecat \u015fi executat \u00een 1961. Puterea revine oamenilor 1971 &#8211; Situa\u0163ia din Turcia era [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[10637,7684,7675,24967,242,28529,15261,547,68,7249,16027],"class_list":["post-135299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-acuzatii","tag-alegeri","tag-armata","tag-erdogan","tag-istorie","tag-lovitura-de-stat","tag-partid","tag-presedinte","tag-putere","tag-turcia","tag-voturi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=135299"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135299\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=135299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=135299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=135299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}