{"id":113735,"date":"2014-11-04T18:01:53","date_gmt":"2014-11-04T18:01:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=113735"},"modified":"2014-11-04T18:01:53","modified_gmt":"2014-11-04T18:01:53","slug":"studiu-munca-in-schimburi-decalate-accelereaza-imbatranirea-cognitiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=113735","title":{"rendered":"STUDIU: Munca \u00een schimburi decalate accelereaz\u0103 \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea cognitiv\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\u00cen contextul \u00een care munca de noapte \u015fi munca \u00een schimburi sunt deja b\u0103nuite c\u0103 ar juca un rol important \u00een apari\u0163ia mai multor probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate, precum ulcerul, maladiile cardiovasculare \u015fi anumite tipuri de cancer, oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 au dorit s\u0103 studieze \u015fi impactul lor asupra capacit\u0103\u0163ilor cognitive.<\/p>\n<p>\nTimp de 10 ani, cercet\u0103torii au monitorizat 3.000 de angaja\u0163i din sudul Fran\u0163ei, cu v\u00e2rste cuprinse \u00eentre 32 \u015fi 62 de ani la \u00eenceputul studiului, care lucrau \u00een diverse sectoare de activitate \u015fi dintre care jum\u0103tate au lucrat \u00een schimburi decalate pentru cel pu\u0163in 50 de zile pe parcursul unui an.<\/p>\n<p>\nCapacit\u0103\u0163ile cognitive (memorie, aten\u0163ie, vitez\u0103 de reac\u0163ie) au fost m\u0103surate \u00een trei reprize (1996, 2001 \u015fi 2006) \u00een cadrul unor teste neuropsihologice.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>Studiul, publicat \u00een revista medical\u0103 Occupational and Environmental Medicine, a eviden\u0163iat faptul c\u0103 acele persoane care au lucrat \u00een schimburi timp de cel pu\u0163in 10 ani prezint\u0103 un declin cognitiv &#8211; proces natural ce apare la to\u0163i oamenii care \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc &#8211; mult mai rapid \u00een compara\u0163ie cu ceilal\u0163i participan\u0163i.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\nJean-Claude Marqui\u00e9, cercet\u0103tor la CNRS din Toulouse, coordonatorul studiului, consider\u0103 c\u0103 acea sc\u0103dere a scorurilor ob\u0163inute echivaleaz\u0103 cu &#8220;o \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire cognitiv\u0103 de, \u00een medie, 6,5 ani&#8221;. Este vorba de o sc\u0103dere &#8220;care nu este neglijabil\u0103&#8221;, potrivit autorilor, dar care va trebui s\u0103 fie confirmat\u0103 de o serie de studii viitoare.<\/p>\n<p>\n&#8220;\u015etiam deja c\u0103 munca \u00een schimburi are efecte pe termen scurt, dar nu \u015ftiam dac\u0103 acestea se men\u0163in pe o perioad\u0103 \u00eendelungat\u0103&#8221;, a ad\u0103ugat profesorul francez.<\/p>\n<p>\nStudiul a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 impactul negativ asupra capacit\u0103\u0163ilor cognitive persist\u0103 cel pu\u0163in cinci ani dup\u0103 oprirea lucrului \u00een schimburi \u015fi c\u0103 exist\u0103 &#8220;o mare variabilitate&#8221; \u00een func\u0163ie de individ.<\/p>\n<p>\nPrintre solu\u0163iile preconizate pentru a limita aceste efecte oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 citeaz\u0103 &#8220;o supraveghere medical\u0103 personalizat\u0103&#8221;, ca \u015fi o mai bun\u0103 organizare a muncii, care s\u0103 favorizeze &#8220;cele mai bune orare pentru somn&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\n&#8220;De exemplu, este mai bine ca munca s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 la ora 06.00 \u00een loc de ora 04.00&#8221;, afirm\u0103 autorii studiului.<\/p>\n<p>\nTot mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een diverse medii profesionale, munca \u00een schimburi decalate a f\u0103cut subiectul mai multor studii realizate \u00een ultimii ani, care au identificat o serie de riscuri pentru starea de s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/p>\n<p>\nMunca de noapte (cu alternan\u0163e neregulate pentru perioadele de munc\u0103 zi-noapte) a fost clasat\u0103 \u00een categoria &#8220;activit\u0103\u0163ilor probabil cancerigene&#8221; \u00een 2007, de Centrul interna\u0163ional de cercet\u0103ri asupra cancerului (IARC), o agen\u0163ie specializat\u0103 din cadrul Organiza\u0163iei Mondiale a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii (OMS), din cauza efectului ei perturbator asupra ritmului biologic.<\/p>\n<p>\nUn studiu suedez publicat \u00een 2011 a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 munca de noapte dubleaz\u0103 riscul de scleroz\u0103 \u00een pl\u0103ci la tineri, iar un studiu francez publicat \u00een 2012 a eviden\u0163iat un risc crescut de cancer mamar pentru aproximativ 30% dintre femeile care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een ture de noapte.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Munca \u00een schimburi decalate, mai ales pe timpul nop\u0163ii \u015fi efectuat\u0103 pentru o perioad\u0103 \u00eendelungat\u0103, accelereaz\u0103 procesul de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire cognitiv\u0103, potrivit unui studiu franco-britanic, publicat mar\u0163i, informeaz\u0103 AFP.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[10796,7606,38551],"class_list":["post-113735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualitate","tag-imbatranire","tag-munca","tag-schimburi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=113735"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113735\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=113735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=113735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=113735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}