{"id":106520,"date":"2014-04-27T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-27T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=106520"},"modified":"2014-04-27T11:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-04-27T11:00:00","slug":"tulipomania-sau-cand-oamenii-isi-pierd-mintile-pentru-o-floare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/?p=106520","title":{"rendered":"Tulipomania, sau c\u00e2nd oamenii \u00ee\u015fi pierd min\u0163ile pentru o floare"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\nM-a atras &#8220;Mania lalelelor&#8221; pentru c\u0103 subiectul este inedit &#8211; practic, povestea uneia dintre primele, dac\u0103 nu chiar prima, bul\u0103 speculativ\u0103 din istoria omenirii -, dar \u015fi pentru c\u0103 \u015ftiam destul de pu\u0163ine lucruri despre acel moment. Iar Mike Dash poveste\u015fte minunat, documentat \u015fi cu lux de am\u0103nunte povestea nebuniei lalelelor, ce a avut loc \u00eentre 1633 \u015fi 1637, cu un punct culminant \u00een toamna \u015fi iarna anilor 1636 \u015fi 1637, perioad\u0103 \u00een care pre\u0163urile bulbilor de lalea au atins valori de neimaginat, \u015fi o c\u0103dere abrupt\u0103 a valorii florilor \u00een februarie 1637.<\/p>\n<p>De ce spun valori de neimaginat? Iat\u0103: \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 \u00een care 150 de litri de coniac fran\u0163uzesc costau 60 de guldeni, iar un meseria\u015f calificat, de genul unui dulgher, c\u00e2\u015ftiga pe an 150 de guldeni, cel mai mare pre\u0163 pl\u0103tit pentru un bulb de lalea, atestat \u015fi verificat, a fost de 5.200 de guldeni. Alte compara\u0163ii de pre\u0163uri: Rembrandt a primit pentru &#8220;Rondul de noapte&#8221; 1.600 de guldeni, \u00een 1642, iar venitul anual mediu al unui mare negustor era, \u00een 1630, de circa 3.000 de guldeni. \u015ei totu\u015fi, ce s-a petrecut atunci? De unde aceast\u0103 nebunie? De unde pre\u0163urile, cine \u015fi ce au alimentat-o?<\/p>\n<p>Olanda a traversat atunci o a\u015fa-zis\u0103 &#8220;perioad\u0103 de aur&#8221;, de \u00eenflorire economic\u0103 \u015fi cultural\u0103, care a alimentat gustul oamenilor pentru frumos, pentru excentric \u015fi pentru lucruri speciale. Iar lalelele erau, atunci, cu totul \u015fi cu totul speciale &#8211; mult mai frumoase dec\u00e2t ce g\u0103sim ast\u0103zi \u00een flor\u0103rii, decor\u00e2nd gr\u0103dini, case, rochii sau corsete, isc\u00e2nd pasiuni \u015fi dorin\u0163e \u015fi l\u0103comii. Iar nebunia tranzac\u0163ion\u0103rii bulbilor de flori a generat nu numai episodul speculativ, ci a pus \u015fi bazele unei \u00eentregi \u015ftiin\u0163e a tranzac\u0163iilor: accept\u00e2nd s\u0103 achizi\u0163ioneze bulbi care nu puteau fi livra\u0163i dec\u00e2t peste c\u00e2teva luni, negustorii de atunci au creat ceea ce se nume\u015fte ast\u0103zi pia\u0163a livr\u0103rilor la termen.<\/p>\n<p>Mike Dash nu se mul\u0163ume\u015fte s\u0103 relateze date \u015fi momente. El creeaz\u0103 figuri, umanizeaz\u0103 povestea, \u00eei d\u0103 dimensiuni geografice, economice, culturale \u015fi artistice. &#8220;C\u00e2t despre tulipomanie&#8230; ei bine, virusul acesta nu avea s\u0103 dispar\u0103 niciodat\u0103 definitiv. Este pur \u015fi simplu o boal\u0103 a omului, alimentat\u0103 de dou\u0103 instincte complementare: admira\u0163ia pentru tot ce e frumos \u015fi l\u0103comia pentru bani; iar maladia irumpe din c\u00e2nd \u00een c\u00e2nd&#8221;, scrie Dash.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Fran\u0163a, \u00een 1838, c\u00e2nd oamenii au iscat o nebunie pentru dalii, \u00een 1912, pentru gladiolele olandeze, sau \u00een 1985, \u00een China, pentru crinul-p\u0103ianjen ro\u015fu. Nu rata\u0163i &#8220;Mania lalelelor&#8221;, mai pasionant\u0103, \u00een felul ei, dec\u00e2t &#8220;Laleaua neagr\u0103&#8221; a lui Dumas.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Mike Dash &#8211; &#8220;Mania lalelelor&#8221;, Editura Humanitas, Bucure\u015fti, 2014<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Mania lalelelor&#8221;, scris\u0103 de istoricul \u015fi cercet\u0103torul Mike Dash, inaugureaz\u0103, al\u0103turi de &#8220;St\u0103p\u00e2nii finan\u0163elor&#8221; de Liaquat Ahamed, noua colec\u0163ie &#8220;Povestea banilor&#8221; pe care o propune Editura Humanitas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7194],"tags":[7193,36794,188,25145,242,36795,36796,9768,36797],"class_list":["post-106520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-carte","tag-carte","tag-criza-lalelelor","tag-economie","tag-editura-humanitas","tag-istorie","tag-mania-lalelelor","tag-mike-dash","tag-olanda","tag-povestea-banilor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=106520"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106520\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=106520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=106520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bm.dev.synology.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=106520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}